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Product quality and firm heterogeneity in international trade

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  • Antoine Gervais

Abstract

This paper quantifies the separate contributions of product quality and technical efficiency in explaining variation in export outcomes across US manufacturing plants. Unlike previous studies that rely on unit values, I estimate idiosyncratic demand from price and quantity information. I find substantial across‐plant heterogeneity in demand, and consistent with the quality interpretation, demand is positively correlated with advertising expenditures, wage rates and material costs. I use this variation to explain across‐plant heterogeneity in export outcomes. The results show that, in addition to productivity, idiosyncratic demand is an important determinant of selection into exporting and the levels of foreign sales. Qualité du produit et hétérogénéité des firmes dans le commerce international. Ce texte quantifie les contributions particulières de la qualité du produit et de l'efficacité technique dans l'explication de la variation du succès à l'exportation des établissements manufacturiers américains. Contrairement aux études antérieures qui s'en remettent aux valeurs unitaires, l'auteur évalue la demande idiosyncratique à partir de l'information sur les prix et quantités. On découvre une hétérogénéité substantielle de la demande entre les établissements et, en toute cohérence avec l'explication par la qualité, la demande est positivement co‐reliée aux dépenses de publicité, aux taux des salaires, et aux coûts matériels. Les résultats montrent qu'en plus de la productivité, la demande idiosyncratique est un facteur déterminant important dans la sélection des marchés d'exportation et dans les niveaux de ventes à l'étranger.

Suggested Citation

  • Antoine Gervais, 2015. "Product quality and firm heterogeneity in international trade," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 48(3), pages 1152-1174, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:48:y:2015:i:3:p:1152-1174
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12171
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    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation

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