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Differences in the degree of unionization as a source of comparative advantage in open economies

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  • Hartmut Egger
  • Frode Meland
  • Hans‐Jörg Schmerer

Abstract

This paper considers two integrated countries that differ only in their labour markets: one country hosts unions, whereas the other one pays competitive wages. These institutional differences are a source of comparative advantage, which crucially impact inter‐industry trade and welfare in the open economy. In this setting, deunionization exerts opposing welfare effects in the two economies. Increasing product market competition is beneficial for the unionized country and detrimental for its trading partner. Finally, we conduct an empirical analysis that provides strong support for the main hypotheses of our theoretical model. Différences dans le degré de syndicalisation en tant que source d'avantage comparatif dans les économies ouvertes. Ce texte examine le cas de deux économies nationales intégrées qui diffèrent seulement par leurs marchés du travail : l'une a des syndicats, alors que l'autre a des salaires qui résultent de la concurrence. Ces différences institutionnelles sont une source d'avantage comparatif qui a un impact sur le commerce inter‐industriel et sur le niveau de bien‐être dans une économie ouverte. Dans ce contexte, la désyndicalisation exerce des effets de bien‐être opposés dans les deux économies. Une concurrence accrue dans le marché du produit est bénéfique pour le pays syndiqué, et coûteuse pour son partenaire commercial. Une analyse empirique supporte les principaux résultats du modèle théorique.

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  • Hartmut Egger & Frode Meland & Hans‐Jörg Schmerer, 2015. "Differences in the degree of unionization as a source of comparative advantage in open economies," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 48(1), pages 245-272, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:48:y:2015:i:1:p:245-272
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12124
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    Cited by:

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    3. Wrona, Jens & Kreickemeier, Udo, 2016. "Industrialisation and the Big Push in a Global Economy," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145707, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    4. Cruz, Manuel David, 2023. "Labor Productivity, Real Wages, and Employment in OECD Economies," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 367-382.
    5. Baumgarten, Daniel & Lehwald, Sybille, 2019. "Trade Exposure and the Decline in Collective Bargaining: Evidence From Germany," Rationality and Competition Discussion Paper Series 165, CRC TRR 190 Rationality and Competition.
    6. Hartmut Egger & Simone Habermeyer, 2020. "How Preferences Shape the Welfare and Employment Effects of Trade," Working Papers 188, Bavarian Graduate Program in Economics (BGPE).
    7. Jeff Chan, 2019. "Labour market characteristics and surviving import shocks," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(5), pages 1288-1315, May.
    8. Jayjit Roy, 2016. "Employment Protection Legislation and International Trade," Working Papers 16-06, Department of Economics, Appalachian State University.
    9. Roy, Jayjit, 2021. "The effect of employment protection legislation on international trade," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 221-234.
    10. Hartmut Egger & Simone Habermeyer, 2022. "How preferences shape the welfare and employment effects of trade," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 158(3), pages 815-853, August.

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    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation

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