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Strategies of Resistance: Diversification and Diffusion

Author

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  • Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham
  • Marianne Dahl
  • Anne Frugé

Abstract

Why do organizations choose to use nonviolence? Why do they choose specific nonviolent tactics? Existing quantitative work centers on mass nonviolent campaign, but much of the nonviolence employed in contentious politics is smaller‐scale nonviolent direct action. In this article, we explore the determinants of nonviolence with new data at the organization level in self‐determination disputes from 1960 to 2005. We present a novel argument about the interdependence of tactical choices among nonviolent options in self‐determination movements. Given limitations on their capabilities, competition among organizations in a shared movement, and different resource requirements for nonviolent strategies, we show that organizations have incentives to diversify tactics rather than just copy other organizations. The empirical analysis reveals a rich picture of varied organizational resistance choices, and a complex web of interdependence among tactics.

Suggested Citation

  • Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham & Marianne Dahl & Anne Frugé, 2017. "Strategies of Resistance: Diversification and Diffusion," American Journal of Political Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 61(3), pages 591-605, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:amposc:v:61:y:2017:i:3:p:591-605
    DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12304
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    Cited by:

    1. Pedro Cayul & Alejandro Corvalan & Dany Jaimovich & Matteo Pazzona, 2022. "Introducing MACEDA: New micro-data on an indigenous self-determination conflict," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 59(6), pages 903-912, November.
    2. Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham & Marianne Dahl & Anne Frugé, 2020. "Introducing the Strategies of Resistance Data Project," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 57(3), pages 482-491, May.
    3. Nadav G Shelef & Yael Zeira, 2023. "International recognition and support for violence among nonpartisans," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 60(4), pages 588-603, July.
    4. Janjira Sombatpoonsiri, 2023. "‘A lot of people still love and worship the monarchy’: How polarizing frames trigger countermobilization in Thailand," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 60(1), pages 88-106, January.
    5. Antonio Castillo Esparcia & Andrea Moreno Cabanillas & Ana Almansa Martinez, 2023. "Lobbyists in Spain: Professional and Academic Profiles," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-14, April.
    6. Belén González & Johannes Vüllers, 2020. "The value of sub-national data: The dynamics of contentious politics in Nepal," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 23(3), pages 307-322, September.
    7. Desirée Nilsson & Isak Svensson, 2023. "Pushing the doors open: Nonviolent action and inclusion in peace negotiations," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 60(1), pages 58-72, January.
    8. Sirianne Dahlum, 2023. "Joining forces: Social coalitions and democratic revolutions," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 60(1), pages 42-57, January.
    9. Pearce Edwards, 2021. "The politics of nonviolent mobilization: Campaigns, competition, and social movement resources," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(5), pages 945-961, September.

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