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Early Childhood during Indonesia's Wildfires: Health Outcomes and Long-Run Schooling Achievements

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  • Maria C. Lo Bue

Abstract

This paper empirically investigates the relationship between early childhood health conditions and subsequent educational achievements in a large sample of Indonesian children. I use a long-term panel data set and apply a maternal fixed effect plus an instrumental variables estimator in order to control for possible correlation between some of the components of the error term and the main independent variable, which is likely to cause a bias in the estimates. Differences in health status between siblings are identified by using exposure in early years of life to drought, wildfires, and associated smoke/haze, which seriously affected some parts of Indonesia in late 1997. The estimation results show that health capital (measured by height-for-age z-scores during childhood) significantly and positively affects the number of completed grades of schooling and the readiness to enter school. Nevertheless, I do not find significant evidence of an effect on cognitive test scores.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria C. Lo Bue, 2019. "Early Childhood during Indonesia's Wildfires: Health Outcomes and Long-Run Schooling Achievements," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 67(4), pages 969-1003.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:ecdecc:doi:10.1086/700099
    DOI: 10.1086/700099
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    Cited by:

    1. M. Perez-Alvarez & M. Favara, 2023. "Children having children: early motherhood and offspring human capital in India," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 36(3), pages 1573-1606, July.
    2. Paudel, Jayash, 2023. "Do environmental disasters affect human capital? The threat of forest fires," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    3. Shoji, Masahiro, 2020. "Early-Life Circumstances and Adult Locus of Control: Evidence from 46 Developing Countries," MPRA Paper 99987, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Chang, Grace & Favara, Marta & Novella, Rafael, 2022. "The origins of cognitive skills and non-cognitive skills: The long-term effect of in-utero rainfall shocks in India," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    5. Masahiro Shoji, 2023. "Gendered effects of early childhood weather shocks on locus of control: evidence from 28 agricultural countries," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 36(3), pages 1363-1393, July.
    6. Khoa Vu & Maria C. Lo Bue, 2019. "Intergenerational mobility of education in Vietnam: Evidence from the Vietnam War," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2019-67, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

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