Multilevel marketing: pyramid-shaped schemes or exploitative scams?
Author
Abstract
Suggested Citation
Download full text from publisher
References listed on IDEAS
- Michele Piccione & Ariel Rubinstein, 2003.
"Modeling the Economic Interaction of Agents With Diverse Abilities to Recognize Equilibrium Patterns,"
Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 1(1), pages 212-223, March.
- Michele Piccione & Ariel Rubinstein, 2002. "Modelling the Economic Interaction of Agents with Diverse Abilities to Recognise Equilibrium Patterns," STICERD - Theoretical Economics Paper Series 440, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE.
- Michele Piccione & Ariel Rubinstein, 2010. "Modeling the Economic Interaction of Agents with Diverse Abilities to Recognize Equilibrium Patterns," Levine's Working Paper Archive 506439000000000108, David K. Levine.
- Piccione, Michele & Rubinstein, Ariel, 2002. "Modelling the economic interaction of agents with diverse abilities to recognise equilibrium patterns," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 2061, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Jehiel, Philippe, 2005.
"Analogy-based expectation equilibrium,"
Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 123(2), pages 81-104, August.
- Philippe Jeniel, 2001. "Analogy-Based Expectation Equilibrium," Economics Working Papers 0003, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Social Science.
- Philippe Jehiel, 2005. "Analogy-Based Expectation Equilibrium," Levine's Bibliography 784828000000000106, UCLA Department of Economics.
- Philippe Jehiel, 2005. "Analogy-based Expectation Equilibrium," Post-Print halshs-00754070, HAL.
- Milo Bianchi & Philippe Jehiel, 2008.
"Bubbles and crashes with partially sophisticated investors,"
Working Papers
halshs-00586045, HAL.
- Milo Bianchi & Philippe Jehiel, 2010. "Bubbles and Crashes with Partially Sophisticated Investors," Levine's Working Paper Archive 122247000000002180, David K. Levine.
- Milo Bianchi & Philippe Jehiel, 2008. "Bubbles and crashes with partially sophisticated investors," PSE Working Papers halshs-00586045, HAL.
- Dilip Abreu & Markus K. Brunnermeier, 2003.
"Bubbles and Crashes,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(1), pages 173-204, January.
- Abreu, Dilip & Brunnermeier, Markus K., 2002. "Bubbles and crashes," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 24905, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Markus K Brunnermeier, 2002. "Bubbles and Crashes," FMG Discussion Papers dp401, Financial Markets Group.
- Ville Rantala, 2019. "How Do Investment Ideas Spread through Social Interaction? Evidence from a Ponzi Scheme," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 74(5), pages 2349-2389, October.
- Sophie Moinas & Sebastien Pouget, 2013.
"The Bubble Game: An Experimental Study of Speculation,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 81(4), pages 1507-1539, July.
- Sophie Moinas & Sébastien Pouget, 2013. "The Bubble Game: An Experimental Study of Speculation," Post-Print halshs-00862395, HAL.
- Tirole, Jean, 1982. "On the Possibility of Speculation under Rational Expectations," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(5), pages 1163-1181, September.
- Ran Spiegler, 2016.
"Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations,"
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 131(3), pages 1243-1290.
- Spiegler, Ran, 2014. "Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations," CEPR Discussion Papers 10062, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Ran Spiegler, 2014. "Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations," Discussion Papers 1417, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
- Spiegler, Ran, 2014. "Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations," Foerder Institute for Economic Research Working Papers 275828, Tel-Aviv University > Foerder Institute for Economic Research.
- Spiegler, Ran, 2014. "Bayesian networks and boundedly rational expectations," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 57994, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- J. L. Gastwirth & P. K. Bhattacharya, 1984. "Two Probability Models of Pyramid or Chain Letter Schemes Demonstrating that Their Promotional Claims are Unreliable," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 32(3), pages 527-536, June.
- Robert J. Shiller, 2015. "Irrational Exuberance," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 3, number 10421.
- Spiegler, Ran, 2014.
"Bounded Rationality and Industrial Organization,"
OUP Catalogue,
Oxford University Press, number 9780199334261.
- Spiegler, Ran, 2011. "Bounded Rationality and Industrial Organization," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195398717.
- Antler, Yair, 2018. "Multilevel Marketing: Pyramid-Shaped Schemes or Exploitative Scams?," CEPR Discussion Papers 13054, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- repec:dau:papers:123456789/5361 is not listed on IDEAS
Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
Cited by:
- Yair Antler ad Ran Spiegler, 2024. "Competitive Markets with Imperfectly Discerning Consumers," Papers 2409.14885, arXiv.org.
Most related items
These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.- Antler, Yair, 2018. "Multilevel Marketing: Pyramid-Shaped Schemes or Exploitative Scams?," CEPR Discussion Papers 13054, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Philippe Jehiel, 2022.
"Analogy-Based Expectation Equilibrium and Related Concepts:Theory, Applications, and Beyond,"
Working Papers
halshs-03735680, HAL.
- Philippe Jehiel, 2022. "Analogy-Based Expectation Equilibrium and Related Concepts:Theory, Applications, and Beyond," PSE Working Papers halshs-03735680, HAL.
- Milo Bianchi & Philippe Jehiel, 2008.
"Bubbles and crashes with partially sophisticated investors,"
Working Papers
halshs-00586045, HAL.
- Milo Bianchi & Philippe Jehiel, 2008. "Bubbles and crashes with partially sophisticated investors," PSE Working Papers halshs-00586045, HAL.
- Milo Bianchi & Philippe Jehiel, 2010. "Bubbles and Crashes with Partially Sophisticated Investors," Levine's Working Paper Archive 122247000000002180, David K. Levine.
- Ignacio Esponda & Demian Pouzo, 2014. "Berk-Nash Equilibrium: A Framework for Modeling Agents with Misspecified Models," Papers 1411.1152, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2019.
- Tolhurst, Tor N., 2018. "A Model-Free Bubble Detection Method: Application to the World Market for Superstar Wines," 2018 Annual Meeting, August 5-7, Washington, D.C. 274387, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
- Zhang, Mu & Zheng, Jie, 2017. "A robust reference-dependent model for speculative bubbles," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 232-258.
- Crawford, VP, 2014. "Boundedly rational versus optimization-based models of strategic thinking and learning in games," University of California at San Diego, Economics Working Paper Series qt04h694rz, Department of Economics, UC San Diego.
- Brunnermeier, Markus K. & Oehmke, Martin, 2013.
"Bubbles, Financial Crises, and Systemic Risk,"
Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 1221-1288,
Elsevier.
- Markus K. Brunnermeier & Martin Oehmke, 2012. "Bubbles, Financial Crises, and Systemic Risk," NBER Working Papers 18398, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Dirk-Jan Janssen & Sascha Füllbrunn & Utz Weitzel, 2019. "Individual speculative behavior and overpricing in experimental asset markets," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 22(3), pages 653-675, September.
- Spiegler, Ran, 2021. "Modeling players with random “data access”," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
- repec:dau:papers:123456789/5361 is not listed on IDEAS
- Hirota, Shinichi & Huber, Juergen & Stöckl, Thomas & Sunder, Shyam, 2022. "Speculation, money supply and price indeterminacy in financial markets: An experimental study," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1275-1296.
- Ran Spiegler, 2016.
"Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations,"
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 131(3), pages 1243-1290.
- Spiegler, Ran, 2014. "Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations," CEPR Discussion Papers 10062, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Spiegler, Ran, 2014. "Bayesian networks and boundedly rational expectations," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 57994, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Ran Spiegler, 2014. "Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations," Discussion Papers 1417, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
- Spiegler, Ran, 2014. "Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations," Foerder Institute for Economic Research Working Papers 275828, Tel-Aviv University > Foerder Institute for Economic Research.
- Ran Spiegler, 2021. "A Simple Model of Monetary Policy under Phillips-Curve Causal Disagreements," Papers 2105.08988, arXiv.org.
- Kukushkin, Nikolai S., 2015. "Robert Louis Stevenson's Bottle Imp: A strategic analysis," MPRA Paper 64639, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Yair Antler ad Ran Spiegler, 2024. "Competitive Markets with Imperfectly Discerning Consumers," Papers 2409.14885, arXiv.org.
- V. P. Crawford, 2014.
"Boundedly rational versus optimization-based models of strategic thinking and learning in games,"
Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP Voprosy Ekonomiki, issue 5.
- Vincent P. Crawford, 2013. "Boundedly Rational versus Optimization-Based Models of Strategic Thinking and Learning in Games," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 51(2), pages 512-527, June.
- Shinichi Hirota & Juergen Huber & Thomas Stock & Shyam Sunder, 2018.
"Speculation and Price Indeterminacy in Financial Markets: An Experimental Study,"
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
2134, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
- Shinichi Hirota & Juergen Huber & Thomas Stock & Shyam Sunder, 2018. "Speculation and Price Indeterminacy in Financial Markets: An Experimental Study," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2134R, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, revised Apr 2020.
- Moinas, Sophie & Pouget, Sébastien, 2009. "The Bubble Game : An experimental Study of Speculation (An earlier version of this paper was circulated under the title "The Rational and Irrational Bubbles : an Experiment")," IDEI Working Papers 560, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse, revised Jan 2012.
- Paul De Grauwe & Marianna Grimaldi, 2004.
"Bubbles and Crashes in a Behavioural Finance Model,"
CESifo Working Paper Series
1194, CESifo.
- De Grauwe, Paul & Grimaldi, Marianna, 2004. "Bubbles and Crashes in a Behavioural Finance Model," Working Paper Series 164, Sveriges Riksbank (Central Bank of Sweden).
- Paul De Grauwe & Marianna Grimaldi, 2005. "Bubbles and crashes in a Behavioural Finance Model," Working Papers de Economia (Economics Working Papers) 25, Departamento de Economia, Gestão e Engenharia Industrial, Universidade de Aveiro.
- Carrillo, Juan D. & Palfrey, Thomas R., 2011.
"No trade,"
Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 71(1), pages 66-87, January.
- Carrillo, Juan D. & Palfrey, Thomas R., 2007. "No Trade," Working Papers 1279, California Institute of Technology, Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences.
- Carrillo, Juan & Palfrey, Thomas R, 2007. "No Trade," CEPR Discussion Papers 6554, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Juan D Carrillo & Thomas R Palfrey, 2008. "No Trade," Levine's Bibliography 122247000000001839, UCLA Department of Economics.
More about this item
Keywords
Multilevel marketing; pyramid schemes; bounded rationality; reward schemes; coarse reasoning;All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- D84 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Expectations; Speculations
- D86 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Economics of Contract Law
- L29 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Other
Statistics
Access and download statisticsCorrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:the:publsh:4890. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Martin J. Osborne (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://econtheory.org .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.