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Internationalisation of born global firms: Evidence from Malaysia

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  • Sulina Kaur
  • Manjit Singh Sandhu

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the key factors that lead to early internationalisation of young small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in a developing country context and to examine the internationalisation path of born global firms in terms of initial and subsequent mode-of-entry decisions. This study analyses 10 born global SMEs using a multiple-case-study method. Multiple sources of data are used, including semi-structured in-depth interviews, a questionnaire and secondary data. It is found that factors that influence born global internationalisation are made up of the interplay of three major factors, namely the individual founder/manager specific characteristics, firm-specific resources and the external environment. The most important factor that emerged was the entrepreneurial orientation of founders/managers. This study also found that born global firms do not follow a stepwise-entry strategy. Due to the largely qualitative nature of the study, the findings cannot be statistically generalised to other similar contexts. Nonetheless, theoretical generalisation is possible. An integrated framework of the factors that drive born global internationalisation is presented, together with an overview of born-global-entry strategies.

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  • Sulina Kaur & Manjit Singh Sandhu, 2014. "Internationalisation of born global firms: Evidence from Malaysia," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 101-136, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjapxx:v:19:y:2014:i:1:p:101-136
    DOI: 10.1080/13547860.2013.818426
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    Cited by:

    1. Bembom, Michael & Schwens, Christian, 2018. "The role of networks in early internationalizing firms: A systematic review and future research agenda," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 679-694.
    2. Sharma, Piyush & Cheng, Louis T.W. & Leung, T.Y., 2020. "Impact of political connections on Chinese export firms' performance – Lessons for other emerging markets," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 24-34.
    3. Falahat, Mohammad & Lee, Yan Yin & Ramayah, T. & Soto-Acosta, Pedro, 2020. "Modelling the effects of institutional support and international knowledge on competitive capabilities and international performance: Evidence from an emerging economy," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 26(4).
    4. Bel Hadj Tarek & Mighri Zouhayer & Ghodbane Adel, 2019. "Entrepreneurial Competitive Intelligence Between Uppsala Model and Born Global Theories in the Case of North African SMEs," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(2), pages 734-755, June.
    5. Figueiredo, Marco & Ferreira, João J. & Vrontis, Demetris, 2024. "Perspectives on dynamic capabilities and ambidexterity in born-global companies: Theoretical framing, review and research agenda," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 30(1).
    6. Yan-Yin Lee & Mohammad Falahat & Bik-Kai Sia, 2019. "Impact of Digitalization on the Speed of Internationalization," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(4), pages 1-11, April.

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