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A generalized Q--Q plot for longitudinal data

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  • M. C. Pardo
  • R. Alonso

Abstract

Most biomedical research is carried out using longitudinal studies. The method of generalized estimating equations (GEEs) introduced by Liang and Zeger [ Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models , Biometrika 73 (1986), pp. 13--22] and Zeger and Liang [ Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes , Biometrics 42 (1986), pp. 121--130] has become a standard method for analyzing non-normal longitudinal data. Since then, a large variety of GEEs have been proposed. However, the model diagnostic problem has not been explored intensively. Oh et al. [ Modeldiagnostic plots for repeated measures data using the generalized estimating equations approach , Comput. Statist. Data Anal. 53 (2008), pp. 222--232] proposed residual plots based on the quantile--quantile (Q--Q) plots of the χ-super-2-distribution for repeated-measures data using the GEE methodology. They considered the Pearson, Anscombe and deviance residuals. In this work, we propose to extend this graphical diagnostic using a generalized residual. A simulation study is presented as well as two examples illustrating the proposed generalized Q--Q plots.

Suggested Citation

  • M. C. Pardo & R. Alonso, 2012. "A generalized Q--Q plot for longitudinal data," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(11), pages 2349-2362, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:japsta:v:39:y:2012:i:11:p:2349-2362
    DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2012.710896
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Oh, Sohee & Carriere, K.C. & Park, Taesung, 2008. "Model diagnostic plots for repeated measures data using the generalized estimating equations approach," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 222-232, September.
    2. Wei Pan, 2002. "Goodness‐of‐fit Tests for GEE with Correlated Binary Data," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 29(1), pages 101-110, March.
    3. Miao-Yu Tsai & Chuhsing Hsiao, 2008. "Computation of reference Bayesian inference for variance components in longitudinal studies," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 23(4), pages 587-604, October.
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