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Jarque-Bera Test and its Competitors for Testing Normality - A Power Comparison

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  • Thorsten Thadewald
  • Herbert Buning

Abstract

For testing normality we investigate the power of several tests, first of all, the well-known test of Jarque & Bera (1980) and furthermore the tests of Kuiper (1960) and Shapiro & Wilk (1965) as well as tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramer-von Mises type. The tests on normality are based, first, on independent random variables (model I) and, second, on the residuals in the classical linear regression (model II). We investigate the exact critical values of the Jarque-Bera test and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramer-von Mises tests, in the latter case for the original and standardized observations where the unknown parameters μ and σ have to be estimated. The power comparison is carried out via Monte Carlo simulation assuming the model of contaminated normal distributions with varying parameters μ and σ and different proportions of contamination. It turns out that for the Jarque-Bera test the approximation of critical values by the chi-square distribution does not work very well. The test is superior in power to its competitors for symmetric distributions with medium up to long tails and for slightly skewed distributions with long tails. The power of the Jarque-Bera test is poor for distributions with short tails, especially if the shape is bimodal - sometimes the test is even biased. In this case a modification of the Cramer-von Mises test or the Shapiro-Wilk test may be recommended.

Suggested Citation

  • Thorsten Thadewald & Herbert Buning, 2007. "Jarque-Bera Test and its Competitors for Testing Normality - A Power Comparison," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(1), pages 87-105.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:japsta:v:34:y:2007:i:1:p:87-105
    DOI: 10.1080/02664760600994539
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bontemps, Christian & Meddahi, Nour, 2005. "Testing normality: a GMM approach," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 124(1), pages 149-186, January.
    2. Jarque, Carlos M. & Bera, Anil K., 1980. "Efficient tests for normality, homoscedasticity and serial independence of regression residuals," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 6(3), pages 255-259.
    3. Urzua, Carlos M., 1996. "On the correct use of omnibus tests for normality," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 247-251, December.
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