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Outside the Club: New Zealand's economic growth, 1870-1993

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  • David Greasley
  • Les Oxley

Abstract

Recent tests of the Convergence Hypothesis, or the tendency for per capita income levels to narrow over time, have included a time-series testing approach (see Bernard & Durlauf, 1995, 1996; Oxley & Greasley, 1995, Greasley & Oxley, 1997, 1998a). Results have been mixed, with Bernard & Durlauf finding no evidence of convergence whereas Oxley & Greasley find evidence of two small convergence clubs. This paper adds to the debate by considering a newly created annual per capita income series for New Zealand, 1870-1993. The results show that the series is integrated of order 1, I(1), and neither a single break nor joint breaks overturn the null of a unit root. Combined with results from Greasley & Oxley (1998a, 1998b), this property of New Zealand data is incompatible with her belonging to a UK/Australia convergence club, or converging towards either of the North American economies. New Zealand per capita income growth is idiosyncratic, diverging below the growth rates of traditional trading partners. A conjunction of small size and insular economic policies distinguishes New Zealand's economic development.

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  • David Greasley & Les Oxley, 2000. "Outside the Club: New Zealand's economic growth, 1870-1993," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 173-192.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:irapec:v:14:y:2000:i:2:p:173-192
    DOI: 10.1080/02692170050024732
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Les Oxley & David Greasley, 1995. "A Time‐Series Perspective on Convergence: Australia, UK and USA since 1870," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 71(3), pages 259-270, September.
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    1. David Mayer-Foulkes, 2001. "Convergence Clubs in Cross-Country Life Expectancy Dynamics," WIDER Working Paper Series DP2001-134, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
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    3. Kenneth E. Jackson, 2011. "Globalisation, Agriculture and Development: New Zealand’s Path to Prosperity?," Chapters, in: Matthew Tonts & M. A.B. Siddique (ed.), Globalisation, Agriculture and Development, chapter 4, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Leandro Prados de la Escosura, 2015. "World Human Development: 1870–2007," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 61(2), pages 220-247, June.
    5. Geoff Mason, 2013. "Investigating New Zealand-Australia productivity differences: New comparisons at industry level," Working Papers 2013/02, New Zealand Productivity Commission.

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