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Struggling with social capital: Pakistani women micro entrepreneurs’ challenges in acquiring resources

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  • Marta Lindvert
  • Pankaj C. Patel
  • Joakim Wincent

Abstract

A crucial aspect of successful venturing is social capital. In contrast to traditional Western-oriented research where social capital is construed positively, we found that in the traditional, patriarchal society of Pakistan, social capital puts high restrictions on women micro entrepreneurs – where social capital prevents or slows venturing efforts. Results also show that although women do get some selective access to resources from family members, they are restricted by limited access to social capital outside of family members. As women entrepreneurs have the potential to play an important role in the development of any society, and especially so in developing countries, based on the insights derived from this qualitative study, we propose suggestions for further research on women micro entrepreneurs in non-Western contexts.

Suggested Citation

  • Marta Lindvert & Pankaj C. Patel & Joakim Wincent, 2017. "Struggling with social capital: Pakistani women micro entrepreneurs’ challenges in acquiring resources," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(7-8), pages 759-790, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:entreg:v:29:y:2017:i:7-8:p:759-790
    DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2017.1349190
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    Cited by:

    1. Sonja Franzke & Jie Wu & Fabian Jintae Froese & Zi Xuan Chan, 2022. "Female entrepreneurship in Asia: a critical review and future directions," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(3), pages 343-372, July.
    2. Ferdinando Giglio, 2020. "Access to Credit and Women Entrepreneurs: A Systematic Literature Review," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 312-335.
    3. Syed Aamir Alam Rizvi & Syed Jamal Shah & Muhammad Azeem Qureshi & Saima Wasim & Abdur Rahman Aleemi & Mohsin Ali, 2023. "Challenges and motivations for women entrepreneurs in the service sector of Pakistan," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Naegels, Vanessa & Mori, Neema & D'Espallier, Bert, 2022. "The process of female borrower discouragement," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    5. Blanco-Oliver, A.J. & Irimia-Diéguez, A.I. & Vázquez-Cueto, M.J., 2023. "Is there an optimal microcredit size to maximize the social and financial efficiencies of microfinance institutions?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    6. Solis-Navarrete, José Alberto & Bucio-Mendoza, Saray & Paneque-Gálvez, Jaime, 2021. "What is not social innovation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    7. Rizwan Ullah Khan & Yashar Salamzadeh & Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah & Mazhar Hussain, 2021. "Factors affecting women entrepreneurs’ success: a study of small- and medium-sized enterprises in emerging market of Pakistan," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-21, December.
    8. Shahid Qureshi & Dianne H. B. Welsh & Ambreen R. Khan, 2022. "Training mom entrepreneurs in Pakistan: a replication model," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 16(4), pages 799-823, December.
    9. H. A. K. N. S. Surangi, 2022. "A critical analysis of the networking experiences of female entrepreneurs: a study based on the small business tourism sector in Sri Lanka," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, December.
    10. Putra Hilmi Prayitno & Sheerad Sahid & Muhammad Hussin, 2022. "Social Capital and Household Economic Welfare: Do Entrepreneurship, Financial and Digital Literacy Matter?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-16, December.
    11. Maksim Belitski & Sameeksha Desai, 2021. "Female ownership, firm age and firm growth: a study of South Asian firms," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 38(3), pages 825-855, September.
    12. Ferdinando Giglio, 2021. "Access to Credit and Women Entrepreneurs: A Systematic Literature Review," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(10), pages 1-12, September.
    13. Mohd Yasir Arafat & Javed Ali & Amit Kumar Dwivedi & Imran Saleem, 2020. "Social and Cognitive Aspects of Women Entrepreneurs: Evidence from India," Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers, , vol. 45(4), pages 223-239, December.
    14. Castellanza, Luca, 2022. "Discipline, abjection, and poverty alleviation through entrepreneurship: A constitutive perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(1).
    15. Jiang, Yiqi & Jiang, Zhou & Chen, Zhijun, 2024. "Women entrepreneurship in China: A bibliometric literature review and future research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    16. Susana C. Santos & Xaver Neumeyer, 2022. "Culture and gender in entrepreneurial teams: the effect on team processes and outcomes," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 1035-1050, February.
    17. Rosca, Eugenia & Agarwal, Nivedita & Brem, Alexander, 2020. "Women entrepreneurs as agents of change: A comparative analysis of social entrepreneurship processes in emerging markets," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    18. Shova Thapa Karki & Mirela Xheneti & Adrian Madden, 2021. "To Formalize or Not to Formalize: Women Entrepreneurs’ Sensemaking of Business Registration in the Context of Nepal," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 173(4), pages 687-708, November.

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