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Evolution and relocation in fashion-led Italian districts: evidence from two case-studies

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  • Alessia Sammarra
  • Fiorenza Belussi

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the debate about how, in advanced countries, industrial districts specialised in traditional manufacturing industries evolve as a consequence of new challenges linked to the globalization process. Using a multiple case study design, the study examines the evolution of two fashion-led Italian districts: the Montebelluna sportswear system and the Vibrata-Tordino-Vomano clothing district. Our findings reveal that cluster firms’ ability to shift from manufacturing to other activities providing higher returns along the global value chain is key to understanding the effect of globalization and relocation processes on the cluster's long-term competitiveness. As illustrated in this study, weak learning districts are the most threatened while innovative districts are able to enact a selective process of relocation, substituting outplaced activities with more valuable ones and attracting inward investments.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessia Sammarra & Fiorenza Belussi, 2006. "Evolution and relocation in fashion-led Italian districts: evidence from two case-studies," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(6), pages 543-562, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:entreg:v:18:y:2006:i:6:p:543-562
    DOI: 10.1080/08985620600884685
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    Cited by:

    1. Lorenzo Ciapetti, 2011. "Technological Change, Knowledge Integration and Adaptive Processes: The Mechatronic Evolution of the Reggio Emilia District," Chapters, in: Paul L. Robertson & David Jacobson (ed.), Knowledge Transfer and Technology Diffusion, chapter 5, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Marta Gancarczyk, 2010. "Model schyłku i odrodzenia klastrów," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 3, pages 1-21.
    3. Anna Lejpras, 2015. "Knowledge, location, and internationalization: empirical evidence for manufacturing SMEs," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(8), pages 734-754, November.
    4. da Rocha, Angela & Kury, Beatriz & Tomassini, Rodrigo & Velloso, Luciana, 2017. "Strategic Responses to Environmental Turbulence: A Study of Four Brazilian Exporting Clusters," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 39, pages 155-174.
    5. Marta Gancarczyk & Joanna Bohatkiewicz, 2018. "Research Streams in Cluster Upgrading. A Literature Review," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 4(4), pages 17-42.
    6. Nunzia CARBONARA & Ilaria GIANNOCCARO, 2016. "Competitive Success Of Industrial Districts: An Explorative Study In Italy," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(1), pages 99-115, June.
    7. Gancarczyk, Marta & Gancarczyk, Jacek, 2018. "Proactive international strategies of cluster SMEs," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 59-70.
    8. Ron Martin & Peter Sunley, 2011. "Conceptualizing Cluster Evolution: Beyond the Life Cycle Model?," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(10), pages 1299-1318, November.
    9. Yantai Chen & Jing Li & Ruoying Li, 2021. "Cluster Internationalization: Qualitative Review, Theoretical Direction, and the Rise of Emerging Markets’ Themes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-26, September.
    10. Mauro Capestro & Elisabetta Tarantino & Fabrizio Morgangni & Eleonora Tricarico & Gianluigi Guido, 2014. "Distretti calzaturieri in crisi: cause del declino e strategie di rinnovamento," ECONOMIA E SOCIET? REGIONALE, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2014(1), pages 187-212.
    11. Fiorenza Belussi & Silvia Rita Sedita, 2008. "The Symbiotic Division of Labour between Heterogeneous Districts in the Dutch and Italian Horticultural Industry," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 45(13), pages 2715-2734, December.
    12. Puig, Francisco & Debón, Ana & Cantarero, Santiago & Marques, Helena, 2023. "Location, profitability, and international trade liberalization in European textile-clothing firms," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    13. José Antonio Belso-Martínez & F. Xavier Molina-Morales, 2011. "The drivers of the open district development: a social capital approach," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(2), pages 49-70, June.
    14. Jacopo Canello, 2017. "Outward foreign direct investment, offshore outsourcing and local network resilience in industrial districts," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(2), pages 181-201, February.
    15. Expósito-Langa, Manuel & Molina-Morales, F. Xavier & Tomás-Miquel, José-Vicente, 2015. "How shared vision moderates the effects of absorptive capacity and networking on clustered firms’ innovation," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 293-302.
    16. Valentina De Marchi & Joonkoo Lee & Gary Gereffi, 2014. "Globalization, Recession and the Internationalization of Industrial Districts: Experiences from the Italian Gold Jewellery Industry," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 866-884, April.
    17. Belussi , Fiorenza, 2015. "The international resilience of Italian industrial districts/clusters (ID/C) between knowledge re-shoring and manufacturing off (near)-shoring," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 32, pages 89-113.
    18. Massimiliano Pellegrini & Cristiano Ciappei, 2015. "Ethical Judgment and Radical Business Changes: The Role of Entrepreneurial Perspicacity," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 128(4), pages 769-788, June.
    19. Jiří Blažek & Viktor Květoň & Simon Baumgartinger-Seiringer & Michaela Trippl, 2019. "The dark side of regional industrial path development: towards a typology of trajectories of decline," PEGIS geo-disc-2019_08, Institute for Economic Geography and GIScience, Department of Socioeconomics, Vienna University of Economics and Business.
    20. Yong Zhou & Miaomiao Li & Dan Wang, 2020. "The Interregional Transfer of Cluster Enterprises in China From the Perspective of Network Embedding," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(4), pages 21582440209, December.
    21. Barbara Jankowska, 2010. "Internacjonalizacja klastrów," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 5-6, pages 19-40.
    22. Nunzia Carbonara & Ilaria Giannoccaro, 2014. "Determinants of MNC location choice in industrial districts: an empirical analysis in Italy," Chapters, in: Charlie Karlsson & Börje Johansson & Roger R. Stough (ed.), Agglomeration, Clusters and Entrepreneurship, chapter 5, pages 85-102, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    23. Salvador Vivas-López & Francisco Puig & Victor Oltra & Miguel González-Loureiro, 2016. "Globalized Markets and Startup Dynamics in Mature Manufacturing Industries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 7(4), pages 947-962, December.
    24. Jose A. Belso-Martinez, 2010. "Outsourcing Decisions, Product Innovation and the Spatial Dimension: Evidence from the Spanish Footwear Industry," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(14), pages 3057-3077, December.

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