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Effects of gender on the performance of micro and small enterprises in Malawi

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  • Ephraim Chirwa

Abstract

Women are increasingly venturing into ownership of micro and small enterprises, either on their own or in partnership with male entrepreneurs. Using national survey data from Malawi, this study compares the performance of enterprises owned by females with those owned by males. The results show that the relationship between gender and business performance is complex. While there are no significant differences in profit margins, female-owned enterprises tend to grow more rapidly in terms of employment than male-owned ones. Gender-based regression results also show that while there are common factors that affect the performance of both kinds of enterprise, there are also differential effects in which education is a critical factor for the success of female-owned enterprises.

Suggested Citation

  • Ephraim Chirwa, 2008. "Effects of gender on the performance of micro and small enterprises in Malawi," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(3), pages 347-362.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:deveza:v:25:y:2008:i:3:p:347-362
    DOI: 10.1080/03768350802212139
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    Cited by:

    1. De Vita, Luisa & Mari, Michela & Poggesi, Sara, 2014. "Women entrepreneurs in and from developing countries: Evidences from the literature," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 451-460.
    2. Jacques Sadiki & Stany Vwima & Philippe Lebailly, 2020. "Obstacles and Performance of Agribusiness Enterprises: Evidence from South-Kivu Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo," Asian Social Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 16(11), pages 1-7, November.
    3. Abdullah Al Mamun, 2016. "Access to Credit, Education and Entrepreneurial Competencies: A Study among Women Micro-entrepreneurs in Malaysia," Vision, , vol. 20(3), pages 159-168, September.
    4. Kaur, Manmeet & Ahmad, Wasim & Hari, K.S. & Kattumuri, Ruth, 2024. "FinTech entrepreneurial ecosystem in India: Role of incubators and accelerators," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    5. Alfonso Expósito & Juan A. Amparo Sanchis-Llopis & Juan A. Juan A. Sanchis-Llopis, 2023. "Does entrepreneur gender matter in SMEs performance? The role of innovations," Working Papers 2308, Department of Applied Economics II, Universidad de Valencia.
    6. Jayne Chetama & Joseph Dzanja & Sera Gondwe & Dyton Maliro, 2016. "The Role of Microfinance on Growth of Small-Scale Agribusinesses in Malawi: A Case of Lilongwe District," Journal of Agricultural Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 8(6), pages 1-84, May.
    7. León Mendoza, Juan Celestino & Valcárcel Pineda, Paolo, 2022. "Influencia de las características sociodemográficas personales en el éxito empresarial en Perú [Influence of personal sociodemographic characteristics on business success in Peru]," Revista de Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa = Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, vol. 33(1), pages 326-352, June.
    8. Noman Arshed & Ramla Rauf & Samra Bukhari, 2024. "Empirical Contribution of Human Capital in Entrepreneurship," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 25(3), pages 683-704, June.
    9. Fabiane Tubino Garcia & Carla Schwengber ten Caten & Elaine Aparecida Regiani de Campos & Aline Marian Callegaro & Diego Augusto de Jesus Pacheco, 2022. "Mortality Risk Factors in Micro and Small Businesses: Systematic Literature Review and Research Agenda," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-37, February.
    10. Maksim Belitski & Sameeksha Desai, 2021. "Female ownership, firm age and firm growth: a study of South Asian firms," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 38(3), pages 825-855, September.
    11. Sara Poggesi & Michela Mari & Luisa Vita, 2016. "What’s new in female entrepreneurship research? Answers from the literature," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 735-764, September.
    12. Ephraim W Chirwa & Harold Pe Ngalawa, 2008. "Determinants Of Child Nutrition In Malawi," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 76(4), pages 628-640, December.
    13. Ali, Jabir, 2016. "Performance of small and medium-sized food and agribusiness enterprises: evidence from Indian firms," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 19(4), September.
    14. Syed Hussain Haider & Muzaffar Asad & Minaa Fatima & Rana Zain Ul Abidin, 2017. "Microfinance and Performance of Micro and Small Enterprises: Does Training have an Impact," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation, Macrothink Institute, Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation, vol. 4(1), pages 113-113, December.
    15. Nguyen, Thi Hong Hanh & Ntim, Collins G. & Malagila, John K., 2020. "Women on corporate boards and corporate financial and non-financial performance: A systematic literature review and future research agenda," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    16. Alonso-Almeida, María del Mar, 2013. "Influence of gender and financing on tourist company growth," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(5), pages 621-631.
    17. Angela Hung & Joanne Yoong & Elizabeth Brown, 2012. "Empowering Women Through Financial Awareness and Education," OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions 14, OECD Publishing.
    18. Alfonso Expósito & Amparo Sanchis-Llopis & Juan A. Sanchis-Llopis, 2024. "Entrepreneur’s Gender and SMEs Performance: the Mediating Effect of Innovations," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(3), pages 11877-11911, September.
    19. Ojong, Nathanael & Simba, Amon & Dana, Leo-Paul, 2021. "Female entrepreneurship in Africa: A review, trends, and future research directions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 233-248.

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