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Technological innovations in the Indian banking industry: the late bloomer

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  • Meenakshi Rishi
  • Sweta Saxena

Abstract

Given that technological innovations in the banking sector in industrialised countries have been shown to increase productivity of this industry around the world, then why did India shy away from adopting this technology until the 1990s? Why has India been a late adopter of technology in the banking industry when it could have reaped the benefits from the existing R&D expertise developed by innovators and early adopters? This article charts out the path of technological innovation in the Indian banking industry post-economic liberalisation (1991-2) and identifies initial conditions in terms of competitive environment and regulatory pressures that have contributed to the diffusion of these innovations. The article highlights the role of labour unions in public sector banks and their initial opposition to technological adoption. The empirical analysis demonstrates the superior performance of the early adopters of technology (private sector and foreign banks) as measured by productivity, returns on equity, and market share, as compared to the late or passive adopters (public sector banks).

Suggested Citation

  • Meenakshi Rishi & Sweta Saxena, 2004. "Technological innovations in the Indian banking industry: the late bloomer," Accounting History Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(3), pages 339-353.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:339-353
    DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277801
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Roberto Chang & Andres Velasco, 1998. "Financial crises in emerging markets: a canonical model," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 98-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    2. Carmen M. Reinhart & Graciela L. Kaminsky, 1999. "The Twin Crises: The Causes of Banking and Balance-of-Payments Problems," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(3), pages 473-500, June.
    3. Carmen M. Reinhart & Graciela L. Kaminsky, 1999. "The Twin Crises: The Causes of Banking and Balance-of-Payments Problems," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(3), pages 473-500, June.
    4. Fredric S. Mishkin & Philip E. Strahan, 1999. "What Will Technology Do to Financial Structure?," NBER Working Papers 6892, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Roberto Chang & Andres Velasco, 1998. "Financial Crises in Emerging Markets," NBER Working Papers 6606, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Mr. Ilan Goldfajn & Mr. Rodrigo O. Valdes, 1997. "Capital Flows and the Twin Crises: The Role of Liquidity," IMF Working Papers 1997/087, International Monetary Fund.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bernardo Bátiz-Lazo, 2017. "Between Novelty and Fashion: Risk Management and the Adoption of Computers in Retail Banking," Palgrave Studies in the History of Finance, in: Korinna Schönhärl (ed.), Decision Taking, Confidence and Risk Management in Banks from Early Modernity to the 20th Century, pages 189-207, Palgrave Macmillan.
    2. Francesco Campanella & Maria Rosaria Peruta & Manlio Giudice, 2017. "The Effects of Technological Innovation on the Banking Sector," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 8(1), pages 356-368, March.
    3. Gopalakrishnan, Balagopal, 2017. "What Does Matched Bank-Firm Data Tell Us about the Moral Hazard in Lending Decisions of State-Owned Banks in India? (Revised as on January 3, 2018)," IIMA Working Papers WP 2017-11-02, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department.
    4. Surender Kumar & Paramjit Author-Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics, 2023. "Does Financial Inclusion Enhance Tax Revenue: Indian Experience," Working papers 335, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics.
    5. Prachi Mishra & Nagpurnanand Prabhala & Raghuram G Rajan, 2022. "The Relationship Dilemma: Why Do Banks Differ in the Pace at Which They Adopt New Technology?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 35(7), pages 3418-3466.
    6. Dau, Luis Alfonso & Moore, Elizabeth M. & Kostova, Tatiana, 2020. "The impact of market based institutional reforms on firm strategy and performance: Review and extension," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(4).
    7. Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra & Luis Alfonso Dau, 2009. "Structural Reform and Firm Exports," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 49(4), pages 479-507, September.

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    Keywords

    technology; banking; unions; India;
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