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Does Financial Inclusion Enhance Tax Revenue: Indian Experience

Author

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  • Surender Kumar

    (Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics)

  • Paramjit Author-Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics

Abstract

The Government of India has taken several initiatives to enhance financial inclusion in the country. It is hypothesized that financial inclusion augments tax revenue through increased business development and private consumption. This paper uses panel data structural break methods to comprehend the effectiveness of the schemes launched in the last decade. It also estimates a causal relationship between tax revenue and financial inclusion using the dynamic Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The study finds structural breaks in the relationship between tax revenue and deposit or credit account rates in 2014, which concurs with the launch of PMJDY. The PM MUDRA scheme was launched in 2015, and the 95% confidence level in the estimated structural breaks was in the period of [2013 2015]. These structural breaks reveal the effectiveness of the recent financial inclusion steps taken by the Indian government. Another significant finding is that all the pre-break and post-break coefficients of financial inclusion indicators are statistically significant that reflect the effectiveness of the policies in meeting the targeted objectives. The government should strengthen the ongoing measures of financial inclusion for eliminating financial untouchability and augmenting states’ fiscal capacity. Key Words: Financial inclusion, Tax-revenue-SGDP ratio, Structural breaks; PMJDY, PM MUDRA JEL Classification: C13; O16; G21; G28, G15

Suggested Citation

  • Surender Kumar & Paramjit Author-Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics, 2023. "Does Financial Inclusion Enhance Tax Revenue: Indian Experience," Working papers 335, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:cde:cdewps:335
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    1. Surender Kumar, 2024. "Do Digital Payments Spur Gst Revenue: Indian Experience," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 27(3), pages 459-482, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    financial inclusion; tax-revenue-sgdp ratio; structural breaks; pmjdy; pm mudra jel classification: c13; o16; g21; g28; g15;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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