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Leakage Estimation in Water Distribution Network: Effect of the Shape and Size Cracks

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  • Mauro Marchis

    (University of Enna Kore)

  • Barbara Milici

    (University of Enna Kore)

Abstract

The definition of the relationship between the leak outflow, the total head at the leak and other relevant parameters such as pipe stiffness, leak dimension and shape has been object of extensive studies. The attention to a correct estimation of leakages, leak law, is crucial for the management of water distribution systems. Water utilities, in fact, can reduce leakage levels through the leak detection or more usually by pressure management. In the last cases, the known of the relationship between leak discharge and pressure is fundamental. In recent decades, the use of the Torricelli equation has been questioned, because some experimental results showed that it can yield unsatisfactory results, and other formulations have been suggested to model water leakages in water distribution networks. To investigate the effectiveness of the formulations suggested by different authors, an experimental campaign was carried out at the Environmental Hydraulic Laboratory of the University of Enna (Italy) for leaks of different shape and size in polyethylene pipes. The results of the laboratory experiments contribute to clarify the applicability of the leak law for circular and rectangular leaks and suggest that Torricelli formulation is valid in absence of leak area deformation. Furthermore, the analysis contributes to the knowledge of the coefficients of the leak laws used to estimate the leakage outflow.

Suggested Citation

  • Mauro Marchis & Barbara Milici, 2019. "Leakage Estimation in Water Distribution Network: Effect of the Shape and Size Cracks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 33(3), pages 1167-1183, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:33:y:2019:i:3:d:10.1007_s11269-018-2173-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-018-2173-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Silvia Meniconi & Bruno Brunone & Marco Ferrante & Christian Massari, 2011. "Small Amplitude Sharp Pressure Waves to Diagnose Pipe Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(1), pages 79-96, January.
    2. Mauro Marchis & Chiara M. Fontanazza & Gabriele Freni & Vincenza Notaro & Valeria Puleo, 2016. "Experimental Evidence of Leaks in Elastic Pipes," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(6), pages 2005-2019, April.
    3. Marco Ferrante & Bruno Brunone & Silvia Meniconi & Bryan Karney & Christian Massari, 2014. "Leak Size, Detectability and Test Conditions in Pressurized Pipe Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(13), pages 4583-4598, October.
    4. Marco Ferrante & Silvia Meniconi & Bruno Brunone, 2014. "Local and Global Leak Laws," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(11), pages 3761-3782, September.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Tamás Huzsvár & Richárd Wéber & Marcell Szabó & Csaba Hős, 2023. "Optimal Placement and Settings of Valves for Leakage Reduction in Real Life Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(12), pages 4949-4967, September.
    3. Reza Moasheri & Mohammadreza Jalili-Ghazizadeh, 2020. "Locating of Probabilistic Leakage Areas in Water Distribution Networks by a Calibration Method Using the Imperialist Competitive Algorithm," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(1), pages 35-49, January.
    4. Caterina Capponi & Silvia Meniconi & Pedro J. Lee & Bruno Brunone & Marco Cifrodelli, 2020. "Time-domain Analysis of Laboratory Experiments on the Transient Pressure Damping in a Leaky Polymeric Pipe," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(2), pages 501-514, January.

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