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Yield effects of rust-resistant wheat varieties in Ethiopia

Author

Listed:
  • Zewdu Ayalew Abro

    (University of Goettingen)

  • Moti Jaleta

    (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT))

  • Matin Qaim

    (University of Goettingen)

Abstract

Breeding crops for disease resistance is a sustainable approach to reduce yield losses. While significant research on the adoption and impacts of improved crop varieties exists, most studies have analyzed yield effects in general without distinguishing between different varietal traits and characteristics. Here, panel data from wheat farmers in Ethiopia were used to compare improved varieties that are resistant to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) with improved susceptible and traditional susceptible varieties. Production function estimates suggest that improved resistant varieties raise effective yields by 8% in comparison to local susceptible varieties. The yield difference between improved resistant and improved susceptible varieties is positive but small because rust levels were not very high in the years under study. However, under drought and other abiotic stresses, improved varieties – with and without resistance to stripe rust – performed notably worse than local varieties. The worse performance under abiotic stress may explain why many farmers have recently switched back to growing traditional varieties. Sustainable adoption needs a combination of various traits in the same varieties, including high yield potential, grain quality, disease resistance and tolerance to drought and other production stresses.

Suggested Citation

  • Zewdu Ayalew Abro & Moti Jaleta & Matin Qaim, 2017. "Yield effects of rust-resistant wheat varieties in Ethiopia," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 9(6), pages 1343-1357, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ssefpa:v:9:y:2017:i:6:d:10.1007_s12571-017-0735-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s12571-017-0735-6
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    2. Teferi, Ermias Tesfaye & Kassie, Girma T. & Pe, Mario Enrico & Fadda, Carlo, 2020. "Are farmers willing to pay for climate related traits of wheat? Evidence from rural parts of Ethiopia," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    3. Toba Stephen Olasehinde & Fangbin Qiao & Shiping Mao, 2023. "Impact of Improved Maize Varieties on Production Efficiency in Nigeria: Separating Technology from Managerial Gaps," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Khed, Vijayalaxmi & Jaleta, Moti & Krishna, Vijesh, 2021. "Seed Delivery Pathways and Farmers’ Access to Improved Wheat Varieties in Ethiopia and India," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315124, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    5. Abro, Z.A. & Debela, B.L., 2018. "Technical change through crop improvement: are there synergies or tradeoffs in land productivity and efficiency?," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 277086, International Association of Agricultural Economists.

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