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Multidimensional Poverty in Rural China: Indicators, Spatiotemporal Patterns and Applications

Author

Listed:
  • Guie Li

    (Wuhan University)

  • Zhongliang Cai

    (Wuhan University
    Wuhan University)

  • Ji Liu

    (The Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Guizhou Province)

  • Xiaojian Liu

    (Wuhan University)

  • Shiliang Su

    (Wuhan University
    Wuhan University
    Wuhan University)

  • Xinran Huang

    (Wuhan University)

  • Bozhao Li

    (Wuhan University)

Abstract

Poverty remains one of the most serious chronic dilemmas facing civilization and economic development in the 21st century. How to accurately measure, identify and alleviate poverty have been urgent topics on different geographical scales for decades. Based on census data at the county level from 2000 to 2010 in China, principal component analysis was used to establish an integrated multidimensional poverty index (IMPI) for geographical identification of poverty-stricken counties using an indicators system guided by a sustainable livelihoods framework. Further cluster analysis, spatial analysis and a self-organizing map show obvious spatiotemporal heterogeneity of multidimensional poverty across the 2311 counties in China. The results demonstrate that the counties with higher IMPI are concentrated and conjointly distributed in southwest China, north of central China and southeast of northwest China in mountainous regions and plateaus. Longitudinal comparisons demonstrate that the degree of multidimensional poverty has relatively decreased across China from 2000 to 2010, but regional disparities continue to expand and new aspects are emerging. In addition, compared with 2000, the number of counties with multidimensional poverty in 2010 increased in northeast China and decreased in central China. Many counties have experienced generally increased levels in certain domains of poverty. The relative contribution of each indicator to the IMPI also provides important references for formulating and implementing poverty policy. Quantile regression was utilized to explore the application of the IMPI in assessing environmental inequality. The result indicates that many poverty-stricken and developed counties are exposed to poor air quality. The accurate identification of geographical and spatiotemporal patterns of poverty in China can lead to the implementation of anti-poverty strategies. This paper also offers new insights into poverty measurement for other developing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Guie Li & Zhongliang Cai & Ji Liu & Xiaojian Liu & Shiliang Su & Xinran Huang & Bozhao Li, 2019. "Multidimensional Poverty in Rural China: Indicators, Spatiotemporal Patterns and Applications," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 144(3), pages 1099-1134, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:144:y:2019:i:3:d:10.1007_s11205-019-02072-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-019-02072-5
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    4. Sanjay K. Mohanty & Guru Vasishtha, 2021. "Contextualizing multidimensional poverty in urban India," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(3), pages 234-253, September.
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    6. Ida D’Attoma & Mariagiulia Matteucci, 2024. "Multidimensional poverty: an analysis of definitions, measurement tools, applications and their evolution over time through a systematic review of the literature up to 2019," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 58(4), pages 3171-3213, August.
    7. Carunia Mulya Firdausy & Dwi Andayani Budisetyowati, 2022. "Variables, Dimensions, and Indicators Important to Develop the Multidimensional Poverty Line Measurement in Indonesia," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 162(2), pages 763-802, July.
    8. Renuka Mahadevan & Maneka Jayasinghe, 2020. "Examining Multidimensional Poverty in Sri Lanka: Transitioning Through Post War Conflict," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 149(1), pages 15-39, May.
    9. Li Ma & Shijun Wang & Anders Wästfelt, 2022. "The Poverty of Farmers in a Main Grain-Producing Area in Northeast China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-16, April.
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