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A spatial–temporal network analysis of patent transfers from U.S. universities to firms

Author

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  • Tao Hu

    (Harvard University
    Wuhan University)

  • Yin Zhang

    (Kent State University)

Abstract

Universities play an important role in innovation development and are being recognized as a critical element for the global competitiveness of firms. However, there have been very few large-scale empirical studies using public patent transfer datasets to examine patent transfers from universities to firms. This study proposes a workflow that maps and integrates U.S. Patent and Trademark Office issued patent records with patent assignment datasets to result in the study data covering patents and their transfer transactions from 1990 to 2016. This study focuses on patent transfers from U.S. universities for a spatial–temporal analysis at three levels: institutional, state, and national. In addition, the study identifies a technology-oriented network among universities, firms, and technological areas and supports the notion that patent transfers coincide with the development and change of a local region and are affected and driven by policies, economic development, and cultural factors. This study reveals that the geographical distance of patent transfers has been shortened over time, suggesting more local and regional collaborations among universities and businesses. The results of the study can help identify emerging development fields in a given region, potentially leading to policy applications for research and development, strategic planning, and building effective collaboration networks between universities and businesses.

Suggested Citation

  • Tao Hu & Yin Zhang, 2021. "A spatial–temporal network analysis of patent transfers from U.S. universities to firms," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 126(1), pages 27-54, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:scient:v:126:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1007_s11192-020-03745-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s11192-020-03745-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Lei Ye & Ting Zhang & Xianzhong Cao & Senlin Hu & Gang Zeng, 2024. "Mapping the landscape of university technology flows in China using patent assignment data," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Dolores Modic & Borut Lužar & Tohru Yoshioka-Kobayashi, 2023. "Structure of university licensing networks," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 128(2), pages 901-932, February.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Patent transfer; University technology transfer; Spatial–temporal analysis; Network analysis; Firms; U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO);
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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