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Robust Structural Equation Modeling with Missing Data and Auxiliary Variables

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  • Ke-Hai Yuan
  • Zhiyong Zhang

Abstract

The paper develops a two-stage robust procedure for structural equation modeling (SEM) and an R package rsem to facilitate the use of the procedure by applied researchers. In the first stage, M-estimates of the saturated mean vector and covariance matrix of all variables are obtained. Those corresponding to the substantive variables are then fitted to the structural model in the second stage. A sandwich-type covariance matrix is used to obtain consistent standard errors (SE) of the structural parameter estimates. Rescaled, adjusted as well as corrected and F-statistics are proposed for overall model evaluation. Using R and EQS, the R package rsem combines the two stages and generates all the test statistics and consistent SEs. Following the robust analysis, multiple model fit indices and standardized solutions are provided in the corresponding output of EQS. An example with open/closed book examination data illustrates the proper use of the package. The method is further applied to the analysis of a data set from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort, and results show that the developed procedure not only gives a better endorsement of the substantive models but also yields estimates with uniformly smaller standard errors than the normal-distribution-based maximum likelihood. Copyright The Psychometric Society 2012

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  • Ke-Hai Yuan & Zhiyong Zhang, 2012. "Robust Structural Equation Modeling with Missing Data and Auxiliary Variables," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 77(4), pages 803-826, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:psycho:v:77:y:2012:i:4:p:803-826
    DOI: 10.1007/s11336-012-9282-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sik-Yum Lee & Ye-Mao Xia, 2006. "Maximum Likelihood Methods in Treating Outliers and Symmetrically Heavy-Tailed Distributions for Nonlinear Structural Equation Models with Missing Data," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 71(3), pages 565-585, September.
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    2. Ke-Hai Yuan & Wai Chan & Yubin Tian, 2016. "Expectation-robust algorithm and estimating equations for means and dispersion matrix with missing data," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 68(2), pages 329-351, April.
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    6. Lingzhi Chen & Ričardas Zitikis, 2020. "Quantifying and analyzing nonlinear relationships with a fresh look at a classical dataset of student scores," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 54(4), pages 1145-1169, August.

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