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How to Include Informal Care in Economic Evaluations

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  • Renske Hoefman
  • Job Exel
  • Werner Brouwer

Abstract

Economic evaluations of health interventions aim to support decision making in healthcare. To effectively do so, evaluations need to include all relevant costs and effects of an intervention. Informal care provided by family or friends is an important element of care for many patients, but can have a profound impact on the health and well-being of carers. Therefore, informal care should be considered in economic evaluations of health interventions. Different methods to do so exist. This paper provides an overview of state-of-the-art methods available for this purpose, illustrated with practical examples. Since the choice of measurement and valuation technique depends on the type and perspective of the economic evaluation, this paper supports researchers in choosing the appropriate techniques to include informal care in their economic evaluation of a health intervention. We discuss the different approaches to measuring and valuing informal care, covering both partial and full valuation methods, allowing inclusion as costs or effects. Copyright Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Renske Hoefman & Job Exel & Werner Brouwer, 2013. "How to Include Informal Care in Economic Evaluations," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 31(12), pages 1105-1119, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:pharme:v:31:y:2013:i:12:p:1105-1119
    DOI: 10.1007/s40273-013-0104-z
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    7. Al-Janabi, Hareth & Wittenberg, Eve & Donaldson, Cam & Brouwer, Werner, 2022. "The relative value of carer and patient quality of life: A person trade-off (PTO) study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    8. Hassan, Alhassan Yosri Ibrahim & Cucculelli, Marco & Lamura, Giovanni, 2023. "Caregivers’ willingness to pay for digital support services: Comparative survey," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    9. Ludovico Carrino & Vahé Nafilyan & Mauricio Avendano, 2023. "Should I Care or Should I Work? The Impact of Work on Informal Care," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(2), pages 424-455, March.
    10. Marieke Krol & Werner Brouwer, 2014. "How to Estimate Productivity Costs in Economic Evaluations," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 32(4), pages 335-344, April.
    11. Lea de Jong & Torben Schmidt & Jona Theodor Stahmeyer & Sveja Eberhard & Jan Zeidler & Kathrin Damm, 2023. "Willingness to provide informal care to older adults in Germany: a discrete choice experiment," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 24(3), pages 425-436, April.
    12. Marieke Krol & Jocé Papenburg & Job van Exel, 2015. "Does Including Informal Care in Economic Evaluations Matter? A Systematic Review of Inclusion and Impact of Informal Care in Cost-Effectiveness Studies," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 33(2), pages 123-135, February.
    13. Hareth Al-Janabi & Andrea Manca & Joanna Coast, 2017. "Predicting carer health effects for use in economic evaluation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, September.
    14. Gutiérrez-Robledo, Luis Miguel & Jácome-Maldonado, Luis David & González-Rivero, Cynthia Beatriz & Lozano-Juárez, Luis Raymundo & Tella-Vega, Pamela & García-Peña, Carmen, 2022. "Monetary cost estimation of care for functionally dependent older adults in Mexico," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 21(C).
    15. Versteegh, M.M. & Brouwer, W.B.F., 2016. "Patient and general public preferences for health states: A call to reconsider current guidelines," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 66-74.
    16. Paul Hanly & Corina Sheerin, 2017. "Valuing Informal Care in Ireland: Beyond the Traditional Production Boundary," The Economic and Social Review, Economic and Social Studies, vol. 48(3), pages 337-364.
    17. Tim A Kanters & Clazien A M Bouwmans & Naomi van der Linden & Siok Swan Tan & Leona Hakkaart-van Roijen, 2017. "Update of the Dutch manual for costing studies in health care," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(11), pages 1-11, November.
    18. King, Elizabeth M. & Randolph, Hannah L. & Floro, Maria S. & Suh, Jooyeoun, 2021. "Demographic, health, and economic transitions and the future care burden," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    19. Petra Baji & Dominik Golicki & Valentina Prevolnik-Rupel & Werner B. F. Brouwer & Zsombor Zrubka & László Gulácsi & Márta Péntek, 2019. "The burden of informal caregiving in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia: results from national representative surveys," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 20(1), pages 5-16, June.
    20. B. Rodríguez-Sánchez & S. Daugbjerg & L. M. Peña-Longobardo & J. Oliva-Moreno & I. Aranda-Reneo & A. Cicchetti & J. López-Bastida, 2023. "Does the inclusion of societal costs change the economic evaluations recommendations? A systematic review for multiple sclerosis disease," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 24(2), pages 247-277, March.
    21. Hu, Bo & Cartagena-Farias, Javiera & Brimblecombe, Nicola & Jadoolal, Shari & Wittenberg, Raphael, 2023. "Projected costs of informal care for older people in England," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 121157, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    22. Luz María Peña-Longobardo & Isaac Aranda-Reneo & Juan Oliva-Moreno & Svenja Litzkendorf & Isabelle Durand-Zaleski & Eduardo Tizzano & Julio López-Bastida, 2020. "The Economic Impact and Health-Related Quality of Life of Spinal Muscular Atrophy. An Analysis across Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-12, August.
    23. Edward Henry & John Cullinan, 2024. "Addressing the distributional consequences of spillovers in health economic evaluation: A prioritarian approach," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(4), pages 764-778, April.

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