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Hydraulic modeling of the 2011 New Madrid Floodway activation: a case study on floodway activation controls

Author

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  • Adam Luke
  • Brad Kaplan
  • Jeff Neal
  • Jeremiah Lant
  • Brett Sanders
  • Paul Bates
  • Doug Alsdorf

Abstract

Engineered floodways are floodplains managed by hydraulic controls that can be activated passively, whereby the floodway fills and empties with changes in channel stage, or through a rapid control action, such as the detonation of a levee. During May of 2011, the Birds Point-New Madrid Floodway (NMF) was activated through levee detonation and the performance of this approach is examined herein. A two-dimensional hydraulic flood model (LISFLOOD-FP) is applied to the NMF and calibrated for April and May of 2011 in order to recreate the levee detonation scenario (detonation control). Additionally, the model is applied to simulate flood impacts had the NMF been activated passively, without the deliberate breaching of the levees (passive control). Results show that detonation control reduced flood stages upstream of the activation site by 0.8 m (2.62 ft) without significantly altering overall flooding extent compared with the passive control scenario. Damage estimates from the US Federal Emergency Management Agency HAZUS-MH model indicate that detonation control slightly reduced losses associated with building replacement costs and damaged crops (4.0 % reduction). However, floodway and levee damages that occurred under the detonation control required over 50 million US$ in repairs, and these costs would have been greatly reduced under a passive control scenario. These results indicate that the detonation control effectively reduced flood stage and the risk of upstream levee failures without increasing flooding extent, building losses, and crop damages, but the potential for floodway erosion and deposition deserves additional consideration in the implementation of a rapid activation design. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Luke & Brad Kaplan & Jeff Neal & Jeremiah Lant & Brett Sanders & Paul Bates & Doug Alsdorf, 2015. "Hydraulic modeling of the 2011 New Madrid Floodway activation: a case study on floodway activation controls," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 77(3), pages 1863-1887, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:77:y:2015:i:3:p:1863-1887
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-015-1680-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Julien Ernst & Benjamin Dewals & Sylvain Detrembleur & Pierre Archambeau & Sébastien Erpicum & Michel Pirotton, 2010. "Micro-scale flood risk analysis based on detailed 2D hydraulic modelling and high resolution geographic data," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 55(2), pages 181-209, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pilar Lopez-Llompart & G. Mathias Kondolf, 2016. "Encroachments in floodways of the Mississippi River and Tributaries Project," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 81(1), pages 513-542, March.
    2. Matthew W. Brand & Mandar M. Dewoolkar & Donna M. Rizzo, 2017. "Use of sacrificial embankments to minimize bridge damage from scour during extreme flow events," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 87(3), pages 1469-1487, July.
    3. Desirée Tullos & Elizabeth Byron & Gerald Galloway & Jayantha Obeysekera & Om Prakash & Yung-Hsin Sun, 2016. "Review of challenges of and practices for sustainable management of mountain flood hazards," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 83(3), pages 1763-1797, September.
    4. Pilar Lopez-Llompart & G. Kondolf, 2016. "Encroachments in floodways of the Mississippi River and Tributaries Project," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 81(1), pages 513-542, March.

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