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Classification of road damage due to earthquakes

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Abstract

Earthquakes cause massive road damage which in turn causes adverse effects on the society. Previous studies have quantified the damage caused to residential and commercial buildings; however, not many studies have been conducted to quantify road damage caused by earthquakes. In this study, an attempt has been made to propose a new scale to classify and quantify the road damage due to earthquakes based on the data collected from major earthquakes in the past. The proposed classification for road damage due to earthquake is called as road damage scale (RDS). Earthquake details such as magnitude, distance of road damage from the epicenter, focal depth, and photographs of damaged roads have been collected from various sources with reported modified Mercalli intensity (MMI). The widely used MMI scale is found to be inadequate to clearly define the road damage. The proposed RDS is applied to various reported road damage and reclassified as per RDS. The correlation between RDS and earthquake parameters of magnitude, epicenter distance, hypocenter distance, and combination of magnitude with epicenter and hypocenter distance has been studied using available data. It is observed that the proposed RDS correlates well with the available earthquake data when compared with the MMI scale. Among several correlations, correlation between RDS and combination of magnitude and epicenter distance is appropriate. Summary of these correlations, their limitations, and the applicability of the proposed scale to forecast road damages and to carry out vulnerability analysis in urban areas is presented in the paper. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

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  • Panjamani Anbazhagan & Sushma Srinivas & Deepu Chandran, 2012. "Classification of road damage due to earthquakes," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 60(2), pages 425-460, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:60:y:2012:i:2:p:425-460
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-011-0025-0
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    Cited by:

    1. Yamada, Takashi, 2022. "Generalizing the probability of reaching a destination in case of route blockage," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 607(C).
    2. Ahmad Mohamad El-Maissi & Sotirios A. Argyroudis & Fadzli Mohamed Nazri, 2020. "Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Methodologies for Roadway Assets and Networks: A State-of-the-Art Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-31, December.
    3. Dejana Jakovljević & Zagorka Lozanov-Crvenković, 2015. "Water quality changes after Kraljevo earthquake in 2010," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 79(3), pages 2033-2053, December.
    4. Dragos Toma-Danila, 2018. "A GIS framework for evaluating the implications of urban road network failure due to earthquakes: Bucharest (Romania) case study," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 93(1), pages 97-111, September.
    5. Yu, Yun-Chi & Gardoni, Paolo, 2022. "Predicting road blockage due to building damage following earthquakes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    6. Bíl, Michal & Vodák, Rostislav & Kubeček, Jan & Bílová, Martina & Sedoník, Jiří, 2015. "Evaluating road network damage caused by natural disasters in the Czech Republic between 1997 and 2010," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 90-103.
    7. Widodo Pawirodikromo, 2020. "Middle value ground acceleration map and site effect in the Merapi sedimentary basin under the 2006 Yogyakarta, Indonesia earthquake," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 102(1), pages 419-443, May.

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