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Climate extremes related with rainfall in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a review of climatological characteristics and recorded trends

Author

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  • Wanderson Luiz-Silva

    (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRJ
    Fluminense Federal University–UFF)

  • Antonio Carlos Oscar-Júnior

    (Rio de Janeiro State University–UERJ)

Abstract

This paper presents a synthesis of the main characteristics of precipitation in the State of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) based on extreme rainfall indicators. Daily precipitation data are derived from 56 rainfall stations during the second half of the twentieth century and the 2000s. Eight indices related to extreme precipitation were analyzed. The Mann–Kendall nonparametric test and the Sen's Curvature were employed to evaluate the significance and magnitude of trends. The primary climatological aspects and identified trends throughout the last decades are discussed, besides the hydrometeorological impacts associated with them. Lower values of annual total precipitation are recorded in northern Rio de Janeiro (around 800 mm) and higher in the southern State (up to 2,200 mm). The Serra do Mar affects the frequency of heavy precipitation, and the areas near the sea and high relief present the highest values of consecutive days with expressive rainfall (more than 150 mm in 5 days). These areas also showed a high concentration of flood and landslides events. Most of Rio de Janeiro exhibits precipitation intensity of about 13 mm/day. The maximum number of consecutive dry days shows a gradient from the coast (about 30 days) to the State's interior (around 50 days). Regarding trends, there is a growth of accumulated extreme precipitation in various stations near the ocean. The extreme rainfall in 24 h displays an increase in most Rio de Janeiro (+ 1 to + 5 mm/decade). The consecutive dry and rainy days present similar signs of decreasing trends, suggesting irregularly distributed precipitation in the State. This study is especially relevant for decision-makers who need detailed information in the short and long term to prevent natural hazards like floods and landslides and the related impacts in the environmental and socioeconomic sectors of the Rio de Janeiro.

Suggested Citation

  • Wanderson Luiz-Silva & Antonio Carlos Oscar-Júnior, 2022. "Climate extremes related with rainfall in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a review of climatological characteristics and recorded trends," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 114(1), pages 713-732, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:114:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s11069-022-05409-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-022-05409-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nathan S. Debortoli & Pedro Ivo M. Camarinha & José A. Marengo & Regina R. Rodrigues, 2017. "An index of Brazil’s vulnerability to expected increases in natural flash flooding and landslide disasters in the context of climate change," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 86(2), pages 557-582, March.
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    1. Dikman Maheng & Biswa Bhattacharya & Chris Zevenbergen & Assela Pathirana, 2023. "Changing Urban Temperature and Rainfall Patterns in Jakarta: A Comprehensive Historical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Francis Miranda & Anna Beatriz Franco & Osvaldo Rezende & Bruno B. F. da Costa & Mohammad Najjar & Assed N. Haddad & Marcelo Miguez, 2023. "A GIS-Based Index of Physical Susceptibility to Flooding as a Tool for Flood Risk Management," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-22, July.
    3. Amanda de O. Regueira & Henderson Silva Wanderley, 2022. "Changes in rainfall rates and increased number of extreme rainfall events in Rio de Janeiro city," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 114(3), pages 3833-3847, December.

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