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Advanced remote sensing techniques in flash flood delineation in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia

Author

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  • Mohamed Elhag

    (King Abdulaziz University)

  • Shemsu G. Abdurahman

    (King Abdulaziz University)

Abstract

Flash floods have been the most frequent, extensive, and dangerous type of worldwide natural crisis. Mountainous, urbanized, and arid land areas like Tabuk region of Saudi Arabia are highly vulnerable to flooding due to heavy and sudden rainstorms that affected the people, infrastructures, and ecological and biophysical environment. Immediately following such a disaster event, advanced techniques are very essential to delineate and assess the damage resulted from successful rescue and relief operations. In this article, the European Space Agency (ESA) freely accessed images were conducted from the earth observation synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensor, the images were successfully practiced to delineate the deadly flood crisis took place in Tabuk City in January 2019. The Sentinel Application Platform for Sentinel-1 Toolbox (S1TBX) is used to support the display and analysis of the large archive of products from the ESA SAR mission. Level-1 ground range detected with high resolution of 20 m × 22 m image at 2019/01/30 T15:39:44 acquired and processed. A backscatter value of − 22.39 dub is selected to separate water from everything else. Only region of interest mask pixels are considered for the histogram analysis. Accordingly, the maximum threshold error is set to 0.255. RGB map created a binary mask of flooded, and non-flooded pixels show that a significant part of the area was in danger. The findings of the current methodology quantify the flooded surface area by almost 9 km2 covers mainly the agricultural practices and the urban areas of the city of Tabuk. This study recommends that the future master plan of the Tabuk area should consider similar flooding risks. Finally, most arid lands like Tabuk are covered by sand that has similar backscatter as flooded land conditions. Therefore, the influence of this backscatter in flood mapping works should be assessed and exclusion techniques must be included to increase accuracy.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohamed Elhag & Shemsu G. Abdurahman, 2020. "Advanced remote sensing techniques in flash flood delineation in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 103(3), pages 3401-3413, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:103:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s11069-020-04135-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04135-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohamed Elhag & Jarbou A. Bahrawi, 2019. "Sedimentation mapping in shallow shoreline of arid environments using active remote sensing data," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 99(2), pages 879-894, November.
    2. Abhas K. Jha & Robin Bloch & Jessica Lamond, . "Cities and Flooding : A Guide to Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management for the 21st Century [Ciudades e Inundaciones : guía para la gestión integrada del riesgo de inundaciones en ciudades en el S," World Bank Publications, The World Bank, number 2241, September.
    3. Federico Raspini & Federica Bardi & Silvia Bianchini & Andrea Ciampalini & Chiara Ventisette & Paolo Farina & Federica Ferrigno & Lorenzo Solari & Nicola Casagli, 2017. "The contribution of satellite SAR-derived displacement measurements in landslide risk management practices," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 86(1), pages 327-351, March.
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    1. Hafiz Suliman Munawar & Ahmed W. A. Hammad & S. Travis Waller & Muhammad Jamaluddin Thaheem & Asheem Shrestha, 2021. "An Integrated Approach for Post-Disaster Flood Management Via the Use of Cutting-Edge Technologies and UAVs: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Adam Narashman Leeonis & Minhaz Farid Ahmed & Mazlin Bin Mokhtar & Chen Kim Lim & Bijay Halder, 2024. "Challenges of Using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in Managing Flash Floods in Shah Alam, Malaysia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-21, August.
    3. Jaka Budiman & Jarbou Bahrawi & Asep Hidayatulloh & Mansour Almazroui & Mohamed Elhag, 2021. "Volumetric Quantification of Flash Flood Using Microwave Data on a Watershed Scale in Arid Environments, Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    4. Othman, Abdullah & El-Saoud, Waleed A. & Habeebullah, Turki & Shaaban, Fathy & Abotalib, Abotalib Z., 2023. "Risk assessment of flash flood and soil erosion impacts on electrical infrastructures in overcrowded mountainous urban areas under climate change," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).

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