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Is Business Cycle Gender Neutral? An Analysis of Aggregate and Sectoral Working Hours in Canadian Economy

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  • Ivan D. Trofimov

    (Victoria University of Wellington)

Abstract

The paper conducts an empirical investigation into the cyclical dynamics of hours worked at the aggregate and sectoral level in Canada during the 01/1997–09/2022 period, using the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. The focus of the paper is on three issues—the specific responses of hours worked to positive and negative shocks on the part of GDP, the presence of asymmetries, and the systemic differences in hours worked response between the genders (males, females, and the aggregate category). The results confirm cyclicality of hours worked in all sectors and both genders. The short- or long-term cyclical asymmetry was not common (with certain exceptions) in most sectors and for both genders. The shedding of female labour during recession was not a characteristic of most sectors and the aggregate economy. Between the genders, there were few systemic differences in the signs of responses in hours worked, except for the two sectors traditionally dominated by male labour (manufacturing, and transportation and communication) and for the aggregate economy that is characterised by growing importance of the services sectors (many of which are intensive in female labour).

Suggested Citation

  • Ivan D. Trofimov, 2024. "Is Business Cycle Gender Neutral? An Analysis of Aggregate and Sectoral Working Hours in Canadian Economy," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 7(3), pages 164-194, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:7:y:2024:i:3:d:10.1007_s41996-024-00148-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s41996-024-00148-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Business cycle; Hours worked; Gender; Asymmetric ARDL;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • J2 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor

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