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Are There Performance Differentials Between Quota and Non-quota Brazilian Students?

Author

Listed:
  • Tatiane Pelegrini

    (PUCRS, Business School)

  • Paola Liziane Silva Braga

    (PUCRS, Business School)

  • Gustavo Saraiva Frio

    (PUCRS, Business School)

  • Marco Túlio Aniceto França

    (PUCRS, Business School)

Abstract

This work investigates the performance differentials between students benefited and not benefited by the affirmative action policy of racial, social, and public education quotas in Brazil. The results were estimated using Oaxaca-Ransom decomposition and the recentered influence function regression model. The data are from the 2016–2018 Student Performance National Exam (Enade). The analysis shows that the performance difference between quota and non-quota students, in the mean, is small and not statistically significant in the upper quantiles, but this difference is high in the lower quantiles. For social and racial quotas specifically, there is a drop in the total performance differential along the distribution, making it insignificant in the upper tail. The quota policy provided access to higher education; however, it may still prove to be insufficient and specific actions directed at lower quintile students are needed in order to reduce performance differentials.

Suggested Citation

  • Tatiane Pelegrini & Paola Liziane Silva Braga & Gustavo Saraiva Frio & Marco Túlio Aniceto França, 2022. "Are There Performance Differentials Between Quota and Non-quota Brazilian Students?," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 41-53, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:5:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s41996-021-00080-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s41996-021-00080-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saavedra-Chanduví, Jaime & Molinas, José R. & De Barros, Ricardo Paes & Ferreira, Francisco H. G., 2009. "Measuring Inequality of Opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean," IDB Publications (Books), Inter-American Development Bank, number 361, December.
    2. Fortin, Nicole & Lemieux, Thomas & Firpo, Sergio, 2011. "Decomposition Methods in Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 1, pages 1-102, Elsevier.
    3. John M. Krieg & Paul Storer, 2006. "How Much Do Students Matter? Applying The Oaxaca Decomposition To Explain Determinants Of Adequate Yearly Progress," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 24(4), pages 563-581, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rodrigo Zeidan & Silvio Luiz de Almeida & Inácio Bó & Neil Lewis, 2024. "Racial and income‐based affirmative action in higher education admissions: Lessons from the Brazilian experience," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(3), pages 956-972, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Enade; Affirmative action; Quota Law; Oaxaca-Ransom; RIF-regression;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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