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Personality Traits and Time Perspectives: Implications for Adolescents’ Mental Health and Mental Illness

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  • Loredana R. Diaconu-Gherasim

    (Alexandru Ioan Cuza University)

  • Cristina R. Mardari

    (Alexandru Ioan Cuza University)

Abstract

This study investigated how adolescents’ Big Five personality traits are related to mental health (i.e., happiness) and mental illness (i.e., depressive symptoms and anxiety) and whether their time perspectives may be potential mediators of these relations. The sample included 235 high school students (54.5% girls), aged between 15 and 18 (M = 16.87, SD = 0.68). The results indicated that adolescents with higher emotional stability also reported higher levels of happiness and lower levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety, whereas those with high levels of extraversion or conscientiousness experienced higher happiness. Further, adolescents with low levels of past negative or high levels of past positive time perspectives also reported high levels of happiness and low levels of mental illness. Furthermore, high levels of present fatalist and low levels of present hedonist time perspectives were associated with low levels of happiness. Our findings provided evidence for the mediating role of the past negative and past positive time perspectives for the relations of extraversion, emotional stability and agreeableness with both mental health and mental illness. Finally, the present hedonistic time perspective mediated the relations of extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness with happiness, whereas the present fatalist time perspective mediated the relation between emotional stability and happiness. Our study highlights the importance of time perspectives as mediational factors for the relations of the personality traits with adolescents’ mental health and mental illness.

Suggested Citation

  • Loredana R. Diaconu-Gherasim & Cristina R. Mardari, 2022. "Personality Traits and Time Perspectives: Implications for Adolescents’ Mental Health and Mental Illness," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 101-124, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jhappi:v:23:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s10902-021-00390-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-021-00390-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carmel Proctor & P. Linley & John Maltby, 2009. "Youth Life Satisfaction: A Review of the Literature," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 10(5), pages 583-630, October.
    2. Hod Orkibi & Efrat Dafner, 2016. "Exposure to Risk Factors and the Subjective Wellbeing of Adolescents: the Mediating Role of Time Perspective," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 9(3), pages 663-682, September.
    3. Adorée Durayappah, 2011. "The 3P Model: A General Theory of Subjective Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 681-716, August.
    4. Fotios Anagnostopoulos & Fay Griva, 2012. "Exploring Time Perspective in Greek Young Adults: Validation of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and Relationships with Mental Health Indicators," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 106(1), pages 41-59, March.
    5. Hod Orkibi & Tammie Ronen, 2019. "A Dual-Pathway Model Linking Self-Control Skills to Aggression in Adolescents: Happiness and Time Perspective as Mediators," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 729-742, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiaojie Cao & Siduo Ji, 2024. "Bidirectional relationship between self-rated health and the big five personality traits among Chinese adolescents: a two-wave cross-lagged study," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.

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