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Coming Out as LGBTQ +: The Role Strength-Based Parenting on Posttraumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Growth

Author

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  • Claudia Zavala

    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú)

  • Lea Waters

    (University of Melbourne)

Abstract

For LGBTQ + individuals, coming out can be an experience of marked adversity. Indeed, research has shown that the experience can trigger psychological ill-health (e.g. depression and anxiety) as well as posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) such as sleep disturbance, somatic symptoms and cognitive distress. While studies have investigated the pain associated with coming out, much less is known about the potential for this life event to lead to growth. The aim of the current study, therefore, was to explore levels of posttraumatic stress and the presence of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in LGBTQ + adults who had come out. Additionally, this study examined that the role that strength-based parenting plays in levels of PTSS and PTG after coming out. The interaction between SBP, PTSS and PTG was examined in a Peruvian sample of LGBTQ + individuals who had disclosed their sexual and/or gender minority identity to parents (N = 208). The results showed, firstly, that individuals experienced both PTSS and PTG; secondly, that SBP plays a direct protective role (reducing PTSS) and a promoting role (increasing PTG); and thirdly, that SBP indirectly influenced PTG through its inverse relationship with PTSS. Bisexual individuals experience less growth than other LGBTQ + individuals in the all PTG dimensions, illustrating an additional difficulty for this minority group. The results are discussed in light of leading researchers, clinicians and LGBTQ + individuals towards growth-based outcomes following identity disclosure.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudia Zavala & Lea Waters, 2021. "Coming Out as LGBTQ +: The Role Strength-Based Parenting on Posttraumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Growth," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 1359-1383, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jhappi:v:22:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s10902-020-00276-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-020-00276-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hayley K. Jach & Jessie Sun & Daniel Loton & Tan-Chyuan Chin & Lea E. Waters, 2018. "Strengths and Subjective Wellbeing in Adolescence: Strength-Based Parenting and the Moderating Effect of Mindset," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 567-586, February.
    2. Roberts, A.L. & Austin, S.B. & Corliss, H.L. & Vandermorris, A.K. & Koenen, K.C., 2010. "Pervasive trauma exposure among US sexual orientation minority adults and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(12), pages 2433-2441.
    3. John E. Eze & Chuka Mike Ifeagwazi & JohnBosco Chika Chukwuorji, 2020. "Core Beliefs Challenge and Posttraumatic Growth: Mediating Role of Rumination Among Internally Displaced Survivors of Terror Attacks," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 659-676, February.
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