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Trends in tobacco consumption in India 1987–2016: impact of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

Author

Listed:
  • Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader

    (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University)

  • Dhirendra N. Sinha

    (WHO FCTC Global Knowledge Hub on Smokeless Tobacco)

  • Kathiresan Jeyashree

    (Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute)

  • Ramashankar Rath

    (All India Institute of Medical Sciences)

  • Prakash C. Gupta

    (Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health)

  • Senthamarai Kannan

    (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University)

  • Naveen Agarwal

    (South East Asia Regional Office of the World Health Organization)

  • Deneshkumar Venugopal

    (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University)

Abstract

Objectives We describe national and subnational trends in tobacco use over three decades in India, assess the impact of the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) on them and draw inferences for regional tobacco control policy. Methods Data from nine cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1987 and 2016 were analysed. Time trends in gender- and state-wise prevalence were derived for different forms of tobacco. To assess Framework Convention’s impact, relative changes in tobacco prevalence before and after its implementation were estimated. Progress towards global noncommunicable diseases target was also measured. Results Post-implementation of the FCTC, smoking and smokeless tobacco use declined by 52.9% and 17.6%, respectively. The tobacco product mix (exclusive smokeless/exclusive smoked/dual) underwent a reversal from 37:52:11 in 1987 to 65:22:13 in 2016. Having achieved 20.5% relative reduction since 2009, India is en route to achieving the global noncommunicable diseases target. Conclusions Steep declines in tobacco use have followed the implementation of FCTC in India. However, the impact has been unequal on smokeless and smoked forms. Tobacco-control policies in high smokeless burden countries should take cognizance of this pattern and design comprehensive and flexible policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader & Dhirendra N. Sinha & Kathiresan Jeyashree & Ramashankar Rath & Prakash C. Gupta & Senthamarai Kannan & Naveen Agarwal & Deneshkumar Venugopal, 2019. "Trends in tobacco consumption in India 1987–2016: impact of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(6), pages 841-851, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:64:y:2019:i:6:d:10.1007_s00038-019-01252-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01252-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Meena Sehgal & Santosh Jatrana & Louise Johnson, 2024. "A comprehensive health index for India: development, validation, and spatial variation," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 41(3), pages 1-31, September.
    3. Rawat, Pankaj S. & Sharma, Seema, 2021. "TFP growth, technical efficiency and catch-up dynamics: Evidence from Indian manufacturing," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).

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