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Socioeconomic gradients of cardiovascular risk factors in China and India: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study and longitudinal aging study in India

Author

Listed:
  • Peifeng Hu

    (David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA)

  • Serena Wang

    (University of Southern California)

  • Jinkook Lee

    (University of Southern California)

Abstract

Objectives Cardiovascular disease has become a major public health challenge in developing countries. The goal of this study is to compare socioeconomic status (SES) gradients of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) both within and between China and India. Methods We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the associations between SES and CVRF, using data from the China health and retirement longitudinal study and the longitudinal aging study in India. Results The results showed that, compared to illiteracy, the odds ratios of completing junior high school for high-risk waist circumference were 4.99 (95% confidence interval: 1.77–14.06) among Indian men, 3.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.66–7.05) among Indian women, but 0.74 (95% confidence interval: 0.59–0.92) among Chinese women. Similar patterns were observed between educational attainment and high-risk body mass index, and between education and hypertension, based on self-reported physician diagnosis and direct blood pressure measurements. Conclusions SES is associated with CVRF in both China and India. However, this relationship showed opposite patterns across two countries, suggesting that this association is not fixed, but is subjective to underlying causal pathways, such as patterns of risky health behaviors and different social and health policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Peifeng Hu & Serena Wang & Jinkook Lee, 2017. "Socioeconomic gradients of cardiovascular risk factors in China and India: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study and longitudinal aging study in India," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 62(7), pages 763-773, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:62:y:2017:i:7:d:10.1007_s00038-017-0968-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-0968-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sandy Chien & Kevin Carter Feeney & Jenny Liu & Erik Meijer & Jinkook Lee, 2013. "Harmonized LASI Pilot Data Documentation Version A," Working Papers 1018, RAND Corporation.
    2. Lee, Jinkook & McGovern, Mark E. & Bloom, David E. & Arokiasamy, P. & Risbud, Arun & O’Brien, Jennifer & Kale, Varsha & Hu, Peifeng, 2015. "Education, gender, and state-level disparities in the health of older Indians: Evidence from biomarker data," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 145-156.
    3. Dummer, Trevor J.B. & Cook, Ian G., 2008. "Health in China and India: A cross-country comparison in a context of rapid globalisation," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(4), pages 590-605, August.
    4. repec:ran:wpaper:774 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Jinkook Lee & McGovern, Mark E. & David E. Bloom & P. Arokiasamy & Arun Risbud & Jennifer O?Brien & Varsha Kale & Peifeng Hu, 2015. "Education, Gender, and State-Level Gradients in the Health of Older Indians: Evidence from Biomarker Data," Working Paper 228841, Harvard University OpenScholar.
    6. Sandy Chien & Kevin Carter Feeney & Jenny Liu & Erik Meijer & Jinkook Lee, 2013. "Harmonized LASI Pilot Data Documentation Version A," Working Papers WR-1018, RAND Corporation.
    7. Strauss, John & Lei, Xiaoyan & Park, Albert & Shen, Yan & Smith, James P. & Yang, Zhe & Zhao, Yaohui, 2010. "Health Outcomes and Socio-Economic Status among the Elderly in China: Evidence from the CHARLS Pilot," IZA Discussion Papers 5152, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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