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Zum Erbbauzinssatz: Das Rätsel um die Marktgerechtigkeit
[On ground rent rates: The conundrum of market conformity]

Author

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  • Dirk Löhr

    (Hochschule Trier (Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld))

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Der Erbbauzins ist bei kommunalen Erbbaurechten sowohl eine zentrale Stellgröße für die Wirtschaftlichkeit als auch von kommunalwirtschafts- und beihilferechtlicher Relevanz. Er wird zumeist ermittelt, indem ein geeigneter Erbbauzinssatz auf den Bodenwert angelegt wird. Der Erbbauzinssatz sollte dabei marktgerecht sein. Sowohl die Ableitung des Erbbauzinssatzes aus dem Primärmarkt (erstmalige Ausgabe von Erbbaurechten) wie aus dem Sekundärmarkt (Weiterverkäufe) ist aber zumindest bei Erbbaurechten für Mehrfamilienhäuser derzeit kaum sinnvoll zu diesem Zwecke durchzuführen. Auch der Liegenschaftszinssatz ist ungeeignet, da er aus einem Modell für Volleigentum mit einer vollkommen anderen Risiko-/Rendite-Konstellation abgeleitet wird. Daher wird für eine stärkere Anwendung ökonomisch basierter Verfahren plädiert und hierbei ein kapitalmarktorientiertes Mark-to-Model-Verfahren dargestellt. Erste überschlägige Ermittlungen legen zudem die Orientierung an langfristigen Baufinanzierungssätzen als Daumenregel nahe. Regelmäßig dürften von Kommunen für die Ermittlung von marktgerechten Erbbauzinssätzen öffentlich bestellte und vereidigte oder zertifizierte Grundstückssachverständige betraut werden, denen die betreffenden Verfahren jedoch oftmals fremd sind. Auch stellt sich die Frage nach der Zulässigkeit, da sie sich als Best Practice-Verfahren bislang nicht etabliert haben. Daher wäre dem Gesetz- bzw. Verordnungsgeber anzuraten, die Ermittlung marktgerechter Erbbauzinssätze ausdrücklich zu regeln und dabei jenseits von Mark-to-Market-Verfahren weitere geeignete ökonomisch gestützte Methoden wie auch empirisch abgesicherte „Daumenregeln“ zuzulassen.

Suggested Citation

  • Dirk Löhr, 2022. "Zum Erbbauzinssatz: Das Rätsel um die Marktgerechtigkeit [On ground rent rates: The conundrum of market conformity]," Zeitschrift für Immobilienökonomie (German Journal of Real Estate Research), Springer;Gesellschaft für Immobilienwirtschaftliche Forschung e. V., vol. 8(1), pages 79-98, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:gjorer:v:8:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1365_s41056-022-00059-x
    DOI: 10.1365/s41056-022-00059-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dirk Löhr & Oliver Braun, 2020. "Warum hat es das Erbbaurecht so schwer? – Zur Erhöhung der Akzeptanz von Erbbaurechten durch mehr Marktgerechtigkeit [Why ground leases cannot be established in the market?—How to increase the acce," Zeitschrift für Immobilienökonomie (German Journal of Real Estate Research), Springer;Gesellschaft für Immobilienwirtschaftliche Forschung e. V., vol. 6(2), pages 111-136, October.
    2. William F. Sharpe, 1964. "Capital Asset Prices: A Theory Of Market Equilibrium Under Conditions Of Risk," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 19(3), pages 425-442, September.
    3. Sebastian, Steffen P. & Fritz, Carsten & Wagner, Dominik, . "Erbbaurecht als Anlageform für institutionelle Investoren," Beiträge zur Immobilienwirtschaft, University of Regensburg, Department of Economics, number 22, August.
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