Promoting the production and consumption of green products from the perspective of supply and demand: An evolutionary game-based analysis

Based on the reality that insufficient motivation for production and consumption of green products in China, the factors and solutions of this issue have become current research focus. However, related studies have hardly paid attention to the logic of interdependence and interconnection between supply and demand sides on the opts of traditional or green products. In order to explore the evolutionary mechanism of the supply and demand system of green products and further discover effective ways to promote the system converge to a good state, this paper conducts research by using evolutionary game theory and numerical simulation. It is found that: (1) There are only two stable equilibrium strategies, namely (purchasing traditional products, producing traditional products) and (purchasing green products, producing green products). (2) The costs and benefits of green products for producers are the decisive factors affecting the evolutionary results. The system is more sensitive to hidden losses incurred by failure to meet consumer needs faced by producers of green products than traditional ones. (3) Perceived losses for consumers under mismatched supply will be bad for forming a green consumption atmosphere. This study provides a clearer understanding of the supply and demand evolution system of green products and the conclusions provide a reference for the government to formulate effective policies.