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Application of geoelectric technique and sensitivity analysis in assessment of aquifer vulnerability: a case study of Nsukka and Igbo-Etiti Area, Eastern Nigeria

Author

Listed:
  • Emmanuel T. Omeje

    (University of Nigeria)

  • Daniel N. Obiora

    (University of Nigeria)

  • Francisca N. Okeke

    (University of Nigeria)

  • Johnson C. Ibuot

    (University of Nigeria)

  • Victor D. Omeje

    (University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus)

Abstract

Groundwater quality assessment has become vital issues all over the world as remediation of contaminated water is extremely challenging. Due to the unconfined nature of Nsukka and Igbo-Etiti groundwater and the highly intensive agricultural practices observed in these areas, assessment of groundwater vulnerability to contamination is inevitable. This study employed vertical electrical sounding (VES) in forty-two (42) different locations of Nsukka and Igbo-Etiti area with the intent to assess groundwater susceptibility to contamination using GOD, GODL and GLSI models. Results from VES delineated a total of four-to-five geoelectric layers. From VES result on the layer’s geologic unit’s constrained with the borehole log information on geologic unit serving as water-bearing unit in the area, the fourth layer was delineated as the aquifer layer in most locations of the study area within fine-to-medium coarse-grained sand. Results of groundwater vulnerability assessment as established using GODindex classified the aquifer units in the study area as low vulnerable units. GODLindex and GLSI models establishing different range of vulnerability index classified the areas aquifer units into high, moderate and low vulnerable zones. Results of single parameter and map removal sensitivity analysis on GOD and GODL model delineated overlying lithology and longitudinal conductance, respectively, as the most sensitive parameters in vulnerability assessment of the study area. Aquifer vulnerability potential zone maps generated revealed the vulnerability class distributions. These results will assist in sensitizing the habitants against indiscriminate disposal of waste and also guide the government in effective monitoring and management of groundwater repositories.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuel T. Omeje & Daniel N. Obiora & Francisca N. Okeke & Johnson C. Ibuot & Victor D. Omeje, 2024. "Application of geoelectric technique and sensitivity analysis in assessment of aquifer vulnerability: a case study of Nsukka and Igbo-Etiti Area, Eastern Nigeria," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(7), pages 17579-17615, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:7:d:10.1007_s10668-023-03351-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03351-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tom Gleeson & Yoshihide Wada & Marc F. P. Bierkens & Ludovicus P. H. van Beek, 2012. "Water balance of global aquifers revealed by groundwater footprint," Nature, Nature, vol. 488(7410), pages 197-200, August.
    2. M. O. Eyankware & A. O. I. Selemo & P.N. Obasi & O. M Nwek, 2020. "Evaluation of groundwater vulnerability in fractured aquifer using geoelectric layer susceptibility index at Oju, Southern Benue Trough Nigeria," Geological Behavior (GBR), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 4(2), pages 63-67, April.
    3. Kayla A. Cotterman & Anthony D. Kendall & Bruno Basso & David W. Hyndman, 2018. "Groundwater depletion and climate change: future prospects of crop production in the Central High Plains Aquifer," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 146(1), pages 187-200, January.
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