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Climate change scenario of hydro-chemical analysis and mapping spatio-temporal changes in water chemistry of water springs in Kumaun Himalaya

Author

Listed:
  • Meenu Rani

    (G B Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD))

  • Himanshu Joshi

    (G B Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD))

  • Kireet Kumar

    (G B Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD))

  • Darshan Kumar Bhatt

    (G B Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD))

  • Pavan Kumar

    (Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University)

Abstract

Monitoring and mapping physicochemical properties of springs water are very crucial in Upper Kosi watershed as natural springs, and spring-fed streams are the only source of drinking water for thousands of inhabitants living there. Understanding of hydro-geochemical characteristics and water quality of the springs in perched aquifers of the basin provides useful information for sustainable use of spring's water with climate change scenarios. For this purpose, a total of 65 springs were inspected and investigated for their significant particle scenario to evaluate their water quality, potential origins, and hydro-chemical evolution. Groundwater samples were collected from springs under consideration and are examined for an aggregate of 14 water quality physicochemical parameters during pre- and post-monsoon season. Two types of hydro-chemical complexions were observed during pre-monsoon sample analysis. One is Ca–Mg–HCO3−, and the other is a mixed Ca–Mg–Cl−paradigm. It perceived that hydro-chemical facies Ca–Mg–Cl− was shifted into Ca–Mg–HCO3− in post-monsoon. Higher deviation in turbidity, magnesium, and sulphate indicated that geochemistry of the study area is not homogenous. A significant degree of seasonal variations in the concentration water quality parameters like pH, Cl−, F−, SO42− K+, total alkalinity, and bicarbonate was analysed using one way ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05). As per concern of quality, groundwater emanating from these springs is apposite for drinking as per drinking water specifications provided by the Bureau of Indian Standards (IS 10500:2012).

Suggested Citation

  • Meenu Rani & Himanshu Joshi & Kireet Kumar & Darshan Kumar Bhatt & Pavan Kumar, 2021. "Climate change scenario of hydro-chemical analysis and mapping spatio-temporal changes in water chemistry of water springs in Kumaun Himalaya," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 4659-4674, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s10668-020-00793-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00793-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Insaf Babiker & Mohamed Mohamed & Tetsuya Hiyama, 2007. "Assessing groundwater quality using GIS," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(4), pages 699-715, April.
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