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Assessment of the impacts of climate change and variability on water resources and use, food security, and economic welfare in Iran

Author

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  • Soroush Kiani Ghalehsard

    (University of Sistan and Baluchestan)

  • Javad Shahraki

    (University of Sistan and Baluchestan)

  • Ahmad Akbari

    (University of Sistan and Baluchestan)

  • Ali Sardar Shahraki

    (University of Sistan and Baluchestan)

Abstract

Climate change influences the agricultural sector by reducing available water resources, thereby influencing income, consumer and producer surplus, and crop prices. So, it is necessary to have a comprehensive integrated method to measure the effects of these changes on natural resources and social conditions. The present study aims to use the positive mathematical programming method to discover the trend and conditions of groundwater resources, agricultural water use, food security, and economic welfare of the agricultural sector in Iran. To this end, data for the period 2000–2015 was used under four different scenarios of normal climate change, climate change, climate variability, and concurrent climate change The results showed that the mean agricultural water use will amount to 35,103.6, 26,533.8, 35,216, and 26,510.7 million m3 and the mean decline in the reserves of aquifers will amount to 4422.22, 11,165.6, 4438.25, and 11,267.4 million m3 under the scenarios, respectively. With respect to food security, the net farm revenue will be 314,560, 248,753, 315,427, and 248,574 billion IRR, respectively. The mean crop price per ton will reach 905.3, 1141.8, 904, and 1142.8 million IRR, respectively. The mean consumer surplus will be 172,107.7, 166,450, 172,024, and 166,403 billion IRR and the mean producer surplus will be 419,959.2, 395,380, 419,751, and 395,204 billion IRR, respectively. Based on the results, to reduce the adverse impacts of climate change on different studied aspects, it is necessary to change policymaking in the water and agricultural sectors, especially regarding the shift from traditional agricultural water allocation to its market-based allocation and to change planting pattern.

Suggested Citation

  • Soroush Kiani Ghalehsard & Javad Shahraki & Ahmad Akbari & Ali Sardar Shahraki, 2021. "Assessment of the impacts of climate change and variability on water resources and use, food security, and economic welfare in Iran," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(10), pages 14666-14682, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:10:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01263-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01263-w
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    3. Anton, Sorin Gabriel, 2021. "The impact of temperature increase on firm profitability. Empirical evidence from the European energy and gas sectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).

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