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Anthropogenic reactive nitrogen releases and gray water footprints in urban water pollution evaluation: the case of Shenzhen City, China

Author

Listed:
  • Yaqing Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Chaofan Xian

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Yaqiong Jiang

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Xuelian Pan

    (Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences)

  • Zhiyun Ouyang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

With rapid urbanization in China, anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (Nr) releases to urban environment contribute to water resource depletion and serious water quality deterioration. This study assessed nitrogen-related water pollution in an urbanized city (Shenzhen, China) by using the indicators of gray water footprint (GWF) and water pollution level (WPL), concerning potential impacts of aquatic Nr releases on administrate districts and affiliated urban rivers within city. The results showed that urban aquatic Nr releases decreased dynamically with average 15.98 thousand t N during 2001–2016, accompanied with the reduction in gray water footprint from 23.06 × 108 to 15.56 × 108 m3, mainly from residential activities. Administrative districts of Baoan and Longgang were the main regional GWF producers during 2012–2016. Areas containing urban rivers with especially high potential WPLs were mainly located in northern Baoan, and northeast Longgang district, and the risks for water pollution development still spread over urban water networks in Shenzhen City. Several strategies (encourage sustainable lifestyle, target infrastructure improvements and develop district-level GWF reduction targets) are needed to mitigate urban water pollution. This study provides insights into the status of assimilation capacity within a city to mitigate aquatic N pollution, meeting current water challenge.

Suggested Citation

  • Yaqing Wang & Chaofan Xian & Yaqiong Jiang & Xuelian Pan & Zhiyun Ouyang, 2020. "Anthropogenic reactive nitrogen releases and gray water footprints in urban water pollution evaluation: the case of Shenzhen City, China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(7), pages 6343-6361, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:22:y:2020:i:7:d:10.1007_s10668-019-00482-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-019-00482-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gang Liu & Lu Shi & Kevin W. Li, 2018. "Equitable Allocation of Blue and Green Water Footprints Based on Land-Use Types: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-27, October.
    2. Eros Borsato & Alejandro Galindo & Paolo Tarolli & Luigi Sartori & Francesco Marinello, 2018. "Evaluation of the Grey Water Footprint Comparing the Indirect Effects of Different Agricultural Practices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-15, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiuli Liu & Rui Xiong & Pibin Guo & Lei Nie & Qinqin Shi & Wentao Li & Jing Cui, 2022. "Virtual Water Flow Pattern in the Yellow River Basin, China: An Analysis Based on a Multiregional Input–Output Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-24, June.
    2. Chaofan Xian & Shuo Yang & Yupeng Fan & Haotong Wu & Cheng Gong, 2022. "Coupling Efficiency Assessment of Food–Energy–Water (FEW) Nexus Based on Urban Resource Consumption towards Economic Development: The Case of Shenzhen Megacity, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-25, October.
    3. Wu, Dongdong & Zhang, Yan & Zhang, Xiaolin & Fath, Brain D., 2023. "Research progress of urban nitrogen cycle and metabolism," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 486(C).

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