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Better than the best? Answers via model ensemble in density-based clustering

Author

Listed:
  • Alessandro Casa

    (University of Padova)

  • Luca Scrucca

    (University of Perugia)

  • Giovanna Menardi

    (University of Padova)

Abstract

With the recent growth in data availability and complexity, and the associated outburst of elaborate modelling approaches, model selection tools have become a lifeline, providing objective criteria to deal with this increasingly challenging landscape. In fact, basing predictions and inference on a single model may be limiting if not harmful; ensemble approaches, which combine different models, have been proposed to overcome the selection step, and proven fruitful especially in the supervised learning framework. Conversely, these approaches have been scantily explored in the unsupervised setting. In this work we focus on the model-based clustering formulation, where a plethora of mixture models, with different number of components and parametrizations, is typically estimated. We propose an ensemble clustering approach that circumvents the single best model paradigm, while improving stability and robustness of the partitions. A new density estimator, being a convex linear combination of the density estimates in the ensemble, is introduced and exploited for group assignment. As opposed to the standard case, where clusters are typically associated to the components of the selected mixture model, we define partitions by borrowing the modal, or nonparametric, formulation of the clustering problem, where groups are linked with high-density regions. Staying in the density-based realm we thus show how blending together parametric and nonparametric approaches may be beneficial from a clustering perspective.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessandro Casa & Luca Scrucca & Giovanna Menardi, 2021. "Better than the best? Answers via model ensemble in density-based clustering," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 15(3), pages 599-623, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:advdac:v:15:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s11634-020-00423-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s11634-020-00423-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Scrucca, Luca, 2016. "Identifying connected components in Gaussian finite mixture models for clustering," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 5-17.
    2. Luca Scrucca & Adrian Raftery, 2015. "Improved initialisation of model-based clustering using Gaussian hierarchical partitions," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 9(4), pages 447-460, December.
    3. Yuhong Wei & Paul McNicholas, 2015. "Mixture model averaging for clustering," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 9(2), pages 197-217, June.
    4. Claeskens,Gerda & Hjort,Nils Lid, 2008. "Model Selection and Model Averaging," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521852258, January.
    5. Giovanna Menardi, 2016. "A Review on Modal Clustering," International Statistical Review, International Statistical Institute, vol. 84(3), pages 413-433, December.
    6. Leeb, Hannes & Pötscher, Benedikt M., 2005. "Model Selection And Inference: Facts And Fiction," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 21(1), pages 21-59, February.
    7. Lawrence Hubert & Phipps Arabie, 1985. "Comparing partitions," Journal of Classification, Springer;The Classification Society, vol. 2(1), pages 193-218, December.
    8. Christian Hennig, 2010. "Methods for merging Gaussian mixture components," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 4(1), pages 3-34, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alessandro Casa & Andrea Cappozzo & Michael Fop, 2022. "Group-Wise Shrinkage Estimation in Penalized Model-Based Clustering," Journal of Classification, Springer;The Classification Society, vol. 39(3), pages 648-674, November.
    2. Jose Ameijeiras-Alonso & Jochen Einbeck, 2024. "A fresh look at mean-shift based modal clustering," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 18(4), pages 1067-1095, December.

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