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Zasada rządów prawa i przemiany ustrojowe w Polsce

Author

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  • Janina Godłów-Legiędź

Abstract

Artykuł ma dwa cele: pogłębienie rozumienia relacji między zasadą rządów prawa i demokracją oraz próbę wyjaśnienia przyczyn kryzysu rządów prawa w Polsce. Napisany został na podstawie badania literatury źródłowej i literatury przedmiotu. W artykule przyjęto interdyscyplinarną perspektywę ekonomii instytucjonalnej. Prezentacja koncepcji rządów prawa ujawnia, że nie ma jednej niebudzącej wątpliwości interpretacji tej zasady. Trudności wynikają z braku jednolitej interpretacji wolności i sprawiedliwości. W ślad za negatywną koncepcją wolności idzie koncepcja rządów prawa, w której akcentuje się konieczność ograniczenia władzy, wagę procedur prawnych i sprawiedliwości formalnej, czyli równego traktowania wszystkich obywateli. Przekonanie o konieczności urzeczywistniania przez państwo sprawiedliwości społecznej prowadzi do rozszerzenia interpretacji rule of law w duchu wolności pozytywnej. Skłonność do interpretacji rule of law w duchu pozytywnej koncepcji wolności jest ważnym źródłem kryzysu rządów prawa w Polsce. Syntetyczne spojrzenie na bieg wydarzeń i spory w Polsce pokazują, że wśród różnych przyczyn kryzysu rządów prawa w Polsce można wskazać także specyfikę sytuacji transformacji, konfrontacyjny styl dyskursu politycznego i proces pomieszania rządzenia ze stanowieniem prawa. W takiej sytuacji podważanie instytucji Trybunału Konstytucyjnego nie jest drogą do uzdrowienia sytuacji, lecz może pogłębiać proces inflacji prawa i oddalać społeczeństwo od drogi reformy opartej na stopniowym doskonaleniu prawa.

Suggested Citation

  • Janina Godłów-Legiędź, 2017. "Zasada rządów prawa i przemiany ustrojowe w Polsce," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 3, pages 5-27.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2017:i:3:p:5-27
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maria Lissowska, 2009. "The Type and Role of Social Capital in Post-Transition European Economies," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 3, pages 1-26.
    2. North, Douglass C, 1994. "Economic Performance through Time," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(3), pages 359-368, June.
    3. Svetozar Pejovich & Enrico Colombatto, 2008. "Law, Informal Rules and Economic Performance," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 4198.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    rządy prawa; transformacja ustrojowa; demokracja; liberalizm;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B10 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925 - - - General
    • K10 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - General (Constitutional Law)
    • P20 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist and Transition Economies - - - General

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