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Financial Development, Economic Growth and Adaptive Efficiency: A Comparison between China and Pakistan

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  • Ying Ma
  • Abdul Jalil

Abstract

The strong economic growth in China is difficult to reconcile with its inefficient financial system. The puzzle of China's financial development and growth can be explained through a dynamic criterion of adaptive efficiency, rather than through allocative efficiency. Using the framework of an autoregressive distributed lag model, the present paper tests the hypothesis that the GDP growth rate is dependent on financial development along with other variables in China and Pakistan. The hypothesis cannot be rejected in both cases. However, the results show that economic growth has a negative relationship with credit to the private sector in China. We conclude that financial development is a source of China's high growth rate and that the banking system is still under an evolutionary process, involving the pursuit of social objectives instead of the sole objective of profit maximization. Our results provide some implications for other developing countries like Pakistan.

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  • Ying Ma & Abdul Jalil, 2008. "Financial Development, Economic Growth and Adaptive Efficiency: A Comparison between China and Pakistan," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 16(6), pages 97-111, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:chinae:v:16:y:2008:i:6:p:97-111
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-124X.2008.00140.x
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    3. Hong Zhuang & Haiyan Yin & Miao Wang & Jiawen Yang, 2019. "Bank Efficiency and Regional Economic Growth: Evidence from China," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 20(2), pages 661-689, November.
    4. Muhammad Shahbaz & Nanthakumar Loganathan & Aviral Tiwari & Reza Sherafatian-Jahromi, 2015. "Financial Development and Income Inequality: Is There Any Financial Kuznets Curve in Iran?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 124(2), pages 357-382, November.
    5. Sudeshna Ghosh, 2020. "Impact of economic growth volatility on income inequality: ASEAN experience," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 54(3), pages 807-850, June.
    6. Abu N. M. Wahid & Abdul Jalil, 2010. "Financial Development and GDP Volatility in China," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 39(1‐2), pages 27-41, February.
    7. Xiaoxia Shi & Haiyun Liu & Joshua Sunday Riti, 2019. "The role of energy mix and financial development in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions’ reduction: evidence from ten leading CO2 emitting countries," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 36(3), pages 695-729, October.
    8. Bofinger, Peter & Geißendörfer, Lisa & Haas, Thomas & Mayer, Fabian, 2023. "Credit as an instrument for growth: A monetary explanation of the Chinese growth story," W.E.P. - Würzburg Economic Papers 107, University of Würzburg, Department of Economics.
    9. Hacievliyagil Nuri & Eksi Ibrahim Halil, 2019. "A Micro Based Study on Bank Credit and Economic Growth: Manufacturing Sub-Sectors Analysis," South East European Journal of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 14(1), pages 72-91, June.
    10. IWASAKI, Ichiro & ONO, Shigeki, 2023. "Economic Development and the Finance-Growth Nexus : A Meta-Analytic Approach," CEI Working Paper Series 2023-06, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
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    12. Jian Xu & Muhammad Haris & Hongxing Yao, 2019. "Should Listed Banks Be Concerned with Intellectual Capital in Emerging Asian Markets? A Comparison between China and Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-23, November.
    13. Muhammad Umar Draz, 2011. "Impact Of Financial Crises On Pakistan And China: A Comparative Study Of Six Decades," Journal of Global Business and Economics, Global Research Agency, vol. 3(1), pages 174-186, July.
    14. Bhabani Shankar Nayak & Zhong Yingnan, 2019. "Critical Reflections on Different Trends in the Relationship between Financial Developments and Economic Growth in China," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(3), pages 89-98, March.
    15. Yuri Quixina & Álvaro Almeida, 2014. "Financial Development and Economic Growth in a Natural Resource Based Economy: Evidence from Angola," FEP Working Papers 542, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.
    16. Pradhan, Rudra P. & Arvin, Mak B. & Norman, Neville R., 2015. "The dynamics of information and communications technologies infrastructure, economic growth, and financial development: Evidence from Asian countries," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 135-149.
    17. Jalil, Abdul & Idrees, Muhammad, 2013. "Modeling the impact of education on the economic growth: Evidence from aggregated and disaggregated time series data of Pakistan," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 383-388.

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