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Formy umiędzynarodowienia polskich przedsiębiorstw na rynkach zaopatrzenia

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  • Marzanna K. Witek-Hajduk

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest klasyfikacja i charakterystyka korzyści i ograniczeń poszczególnych form umiędzynarodowienia przedsiębiorstw na rynkach zakupów z odwołaniem się do etapowych koncepcji umiędzynarodowienia, a także wykazanie, że dominującą formą internacjonalizacji polskich przedsiębiorstw na rynkach zakupów pozostaje import oraz identyfikacja różnic co do form internacjonalizacji zakupów stosowanych przez polskie przedsiębiorstwa będące i nie będące oddziałami/filiami koncernów międzynarodowych. W artykule wykorzystano wyniki badań pierwotnych z zastosowaniem techniki CATI zrealizowane na łącznej próbie 244 losowo wybranych średnich i dużych polskich przedsiębiorstw przemysłu elektromaszynowego pozyskujących zasoby na rynkach zagranicznych. Badania pokazały, że import jest formą umiędzynarodowienia na rynkach zakupów stosowaną przez największą część (91,8%) badanych polskich przedsiębiorstw, w tym przez prawie wszystkie przedsiębiorstwa nie będące oddziałami/filiami przedsiębiorstw zagranicznych (aż 96,7%) oraz mniej, bo 87,1% oddziałów/filii koncernów międzynarodowych. Kapitałowe formy umiędzynarodowienia na rynkach zaopatrzenia są stosowane przez znacznie większy odsetek oddziałów/filii koncernów międzynarodowych niż przedsiębiorstw nie będących oddziałami/filiami przedsiębiorstw zagranicznych. Badane oddziały/filie koncernów międzynarodowych w Polsce cechują się większym niż przedsiębiorstwa nie będące oddziałami/filiami przedsiębiorstw zagranicznych stopniem umiędzynarodowienia zakupów i stosowały na zagranicznych rynkach zaopatrzenia bardziej zaawansowane, w tym kapitałowe, formy internacjonalizacji.

Suggested Citation

  • Marzanna K. Witek-Hajduk, 2012. "Formy umiędzynarodowienia polskich przedsiębiorstw na rynkach zaopatrzenia," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 61-83.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2012:i:4:p:61-83
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jan Johanson & Jan-Erik Vahlne, 1977. "The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 8(1), pages 23-32, March.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    internacjonalizacja; umiędzynarodowienie zaopatrzenia; zakupy na rynkach międzynarodowych; pozyskiwanie zasobów za granicą; formy umiędzynarodowienia zakupów;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

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