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Глобальний ринок акцій у 1990-і роки // Global stock market in 1990-s

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  • Мошенський, Сергій Захарович

    (Житомирський державний технологічний університет)

Abstract

The 1990s became a period of long-term recovery, the main driving force of which was the high-tech companies of the so-called «new economy», mainly associated with information technology and Internet at the global stock market. Such innovations have led to unrealistic expectations of the profitability of new companies from the sale of goods and services on the Internet. This became a prerequisite for a speculative boom in equity markets in developed financial systems. The boom intensified the mass privatization of state-owned enterprises in UK, Germany, France and some other countries. The capitalization of the global stock market increased more than ten times although the world GDP grew only 2.5 times during two decades, from 1980 to 2000. Though the stock market is the source of capital only in the countries with the Anglo-American model of financial markets (for countries of continental Europe and Japan such sources are bank loans), stock markets increased in all countries with developed financial systems. The systematic analysis of such key indicators as market capitalization and liquidity is required for an objective assessment of such rise in stock markets. But statistical information at stock markets is often not systematized and fragmentary. Therefore, the author (based on the official statistics of such international financial organizations as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Federation of Exchanges) has calculated and systematically analyzed capitalization and liquidity as the main indicators of the stock market for the largest countries with developed financial systems (USA, Great Britain, Germany, France, Japan). The paper displays the differences in the mechanisms of attraction of capital determined by the different models of financial markets (decentralized Anglo-American and centralized European) as well as the features of the composition of the main investors in the world stock markets. На світовому ринку акцій 1990-і роки стали періодом тривалого підйому, основною рушійною силою якого були високотехнологічні компанії так званої «нової економіки», пов’язані переважно з інформаційними технологіями і масовим поширення Інтернету. Такі інновації спричинили нереалістичні очікування підвищеної прибутковості нових компаній від продажу товарів та послуг через Інтернет. Це стало основною передумовою спекулятивного буму на ринках акцій у країнах з розвиненими фінансовими системами. Бум посилювала масова приватизація державних підприємств у Великій Британії, Німеччині, Франції та деяких інших країнах. За два десятиріччя, з 1980 по 2000 р. капіталізація світового ринку акцій збільшилася більше ніж у десять разів, хоча світовий ВВП зріс лише у 2,5 рази. І хоча ринок акцій є джерелом капіталів лише у країнах з англо-американською моделлю фінансових ринків (а у країнах континентальної Європи та Японії таким джерелом є банківські кредити), капіталізація ринків акцій зростала у всіх країнах з розвиненими фінансовими системами. Для об’єктивної оцінки такого підйому на ринках акцій необхідний системний аналіз таких основних показників, як капіталізація та ліквідність ринку. Однак статистична інформація щодо ринків акцій цього часу часто не систематизована і фрагментарна. Тому автором на основі офіційних статистичних даних міжнародних фінансових організацій (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, The World Federation of Exchanges) розраховано та системно проаналізовано основні показники ринку акцій – капіталізацію та ліквідність – для найбільших країн з розвиненими фінансовими системами (США, Великої Британії, Німеччини, Франції, Японії). Показано відмінності у механізмах залучення капіталів, що визначаються різними моделями фінансових ринків (децентралізованою англо-американською та централізованою європейською), а також особливостями складу основних інвесторів на світових ринках акцій.

Suggested Citation

  • Мошенський, Сергій Захарович, 2017. "Глобальний ринок акцій у 1990-і роки // Global stock market in 1990-s," Проблеми теорії та методології бухгалтерського обліку, контролю і аналізу // Problems of Theory and Methodology of Accounting, Control and Analysis, Житомирський державний технологічний університет // Zhytomyr State Technological University, vol. 37(2).
  • Handle: RePEc:scn:000pbo:110481
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mr. Oleh Havrylyshyn & Mr. Donal McGettigan, 1999. "Privatization in Transition Countries: A Sampling of the Literature," IMF Working Papers 1999/006, International Monetary Fund.
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