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Race/Ethnicity, Gender and Job Earnings across Metropolitan Areas in the United States: A Multilevel Analysis

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  • Qingfang Wang

    (Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA, qwang7@uncc.edu)

Abstract

Using the US 5 per cent Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) and Census Summary Files from the year 2000, and a multilevel linear modelling strategy, this study examines the effects of a range of individual and metropolitan-area characteristics on the job earnings of US-born Whites and Blacks, foreign-born Hispanics and Asians, separately by men and women. The key findings suggest that macroeconomic structure and racial composition have significant influences on interracial and gender earnings disparities, although the direction and magnitude are different among groups. Results also show that all racial and gender groups would benefit from a more evenly distributed labour market among ethnic minorities and immigrants. With respect to gender issues, the earning gaps between racial groups are greater than between men and women. However, compared with men, women workers are more sensitive to macroeconomic conditions, racial residential segregation and labour market segmentation.

Suggested Citation

  • Qingfang Wang, 2008. "Race/Ethnicity, Gender and Job Earnings across Metropolitan Areas in the United States: A Multilevel Analysis," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 45(4), pages 825-843, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:45:y:2008:i:4:p:825-843
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098007088470
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Cai, Zhengyu & Maguire, Karen & Winters, John V., 2018. "Who Benefits from Local Oil and Gas Employment? Labor Market Composition in the Oil and Gas Industry in Texas," GLO Discussion Paper Series 246, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    3. Sylvie Paré & Ralph Christian Maloumby-Baka, 2015. "The Role of Public-Third Sector Relationships in Solving Social Issues: the Case of One-Stop-Shop Service for the Promotion of Female Immigrant Entrepreneurship in Montreal," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 3(3), pages 123-141.
    4. Scheller, Friedrich, 2017. "The ambiguous role of ethnic context: A multi-level analysis of the relationship between group size and labor market integration of three immigrant groups in Germany," Duisburger Beiträge zur soziologischen Forschung 2017-03, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Sociology.

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