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Do Girls Have a Higher School Drop-out Rate than Boys? A Hazard Rate Analysis of Evidence from a Third World City

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  • Sajjad Akhtar

    (Applied Economics Research Centre, P.O. Box 8403, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan)

Abstract

This paper estimates gender-specific conditional probabilities of drop-out from the schools in Karachi, a large metropolitan city of Pakistan. The analysis is based on the socio-economic and demographic data of family members extracted from a large sample survey of households in the city. Studies in urban Pakistan have found a lower participation rate (unconditional probability) for girls than boys. In contrast, our results indicate that the probability of drop-out of females is lower than boys at institutionally established 'exit' points in the schooling system of Karachi.

Suggested Citation

  • Sajjad Akhtar, 1996. "Do Girls Have a Higher School Drop-out Rate than Boys? A Hazard Rate Analysis of Evidence from a Third World City," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 33(1), pages 49-62, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:33:y:1996:i:1:p:49-62
    DOI: 10.1080/00420989650012112
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hossain, Shaikh I, 1990. "Interrelations between Child Education, Health, and Family Size: Evidence from a Developing Country," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 38(4), pages 763-781, July.
    2. Nadeem A. Burney & Mohammad Irfan, 1991. "Parental Characteristics, Supply of Schools, and Child School-enrolment in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 30(1), pages 21-62.
    3. Zeba A. Sathar & Cynthia B. Lloyd, 1994. "Who Gets Primary Schooling in Pakistan: Inequalities among and within Families," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 33(2), pages 103-134.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cardoso, Ana Rute & Verner, Dorte, 2006. "School Drop-Out and Push-Out Factors in Brazil: The Role of Early Parenthood, Child Labor, and Poverty," IZA Discussion Papers 2515, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. No, Fata & Taniguchi, Kyoko & Hirakawa, Yukiko, 2016. "School dropout at the basic education level in rural Cambodia: Identifying its causes through longitudinal survival analysis," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 215-224.
    3. Raymond, Melanie & Sadoulet, Elisabeth, 2003. "Educational Grants Closing the Gap in Schooling Attainment between Poor and Non-Poor," Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series qt60r0x8j4, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley.
    4. Kikeo Boualaphet & Hideaki Goto, 2019. "Determinants of School Dropout in Lao PDR: A Survival Analysis," Working Papers EMS_2019_04, Research Institute, International University of Japan.

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