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The intervention of the law to regulate collective bargaining and trade union representation rights in European countries: recent trends and problems

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  • Bruno Veneziani

Abstract

This article sets out to describe how the phenomenon of state intervention in industrial relations has increased and matured in the of the 1990s. The public authorities have reacted with unprecedented vigour and determination to the crisis of the labour market and soaring labour costs. This has come about because the state has assumed responsibility for the general public interest in the sphere of industrial relations developments also, a situation which has served to promote a centralisation of collective bargaining, particularly in relation to pay matters, while also entailing the promotion of macroeconomic policies. The new trend has also involved experiments in tripartite social concertation among the government, employers and trade unions, and processes to reform the public sector, which today in some countries is now regulated by the same statutory and collectively agreed provisions as the private sector. Company-level bargaining too has in some cases become subject to legislative provision, leading to a less conflictual and more cooperative attitude on the part of the trade unions. However, a still crucial problem on the industrial relations agenda for 2000, at both national and Community level, is the representativeness of the trade unions. Résumé Cet article se propose de décrire comment le phénomène de l'intervention de l'Etat dans les relations professionnelles s'est accru et a mûri dans le courant des années 90. Les autorités publiques ont réagi avec une détermination sans précédent à la crise du marché du travail et à la flambée des coûts du travail. Cette situation est l'aboutissement du fait que l'Etat a également assumé la responsabilité des intérêts publics généraux au niveau de l'évolution des relations professionnelles, une situation qui a servi à favoriser une centralisation des négociations collectives, en particulier par rapport aux thèmes salariaux. La nouvelle tendance a également entraîné des expériences au niveau de la concertation sociale tripartite entre le gouvernement, les employeurs et les syndicats, et des processus en vue de réformer le secteur public, qui est à ce jour, dans certains pays, réglementé maintenant par les mêmes dispositions légales et régies par convention collective que le secteur privé. Les négociations collectives au niveau de l'entreprise ont été également soumises dans certains cas aux dispositions législatives, entraînant une attitude moins conflictuelle et plus coopérative de la part des organisations syndicales. Néanmoins, le problème crucial à mettre à l'ordre du jour de l'agenda des relations professionnelles de 2000, tant au niveau national que communautaire, est la représentativité des syndicats. Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel beschreibt die sich herausbildenden staatlichen Eingriffe in die industriellen Beziehungen seit Beginn der neunziger Jahre, als der Staat mit beispiellosem Nachdruck und Entschlossenheit auf die Krise auf den Arbeitsmärkten und den Anstieg der Arbeitskosten reagierte. Indem er auf das allgemeinen öffentlichen Interesse verwies, griff er in die Tarifverhandlungssysteme ein und förderte so vor allem zentrale Lohntarifverhandlungen, was wiederum Auswirkungen auf die makroökonomische Politiken hatte. Dieser Trend in den Neunzigern bezog auch Dreiparteiengespräche zwischen Regierung, Arbeitgebern und Gewerkschaften ein und führte daneben zu einer Reform des öffentlichen Dienstes, der heute in einigen Ländern den gleichen tarifvertraglichen Regelungen unterliegt wie der Privatsektor. Auch Tarifverhandlungen auf betrieblicher Ebene wurden Gegenstand gesetzlicher Regelungen, was zu weniger Konflikten und einer mehr kooperativen Haltung auf Gewerkschaftsseite führte. Ein grundsätzliches Problem bleibt allerdings auf nationaler als auch auf betrieblicher Ebene auch im kommenden Jahrhundert die gewerkschaftliche Repräsentativität.

Suggested Citation

  • Bruno Veneziani, 1999. "The intervention of the law to regulate collective bargaining and trade union representation rights in European countries: recent trends and problems," Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, , vol. 5(1-2), pages 100-135, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:treure:v:5:y:1999:i:1-2:p:100-135
    DOI: 10.1177/102425899900500108
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    1. Ferner, A., 1991. "Changing Public Sector Industrial Relations in Europe," Papers 37, Warwick - School of Industrial & Business.
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