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The Role of Psychographic Factors in Nature-Based Tourist Expenditure

Author

Listed:
  • Knut Veisten

    (Institute of Transport Economics, Gaustadalleen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway)

  • Kreg Lindberg

    (Oregon State University – Cascades, 2600 NW College Way, Bend, OR 97701, USA)

  • Berit Grue

    (Institute of Transport Economics, Gaustadalleen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway)

  • Jan Vidar Haukeland

    (Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ã…s, Norway)

Abstract

Numerous studies have examined the relationship between tourist expenditure and observable characteristics of the individual and the trip. We add latent variables based on psychographic factors into a model of expenditure by nature-based tourists. This study models the log of per person trip expenditure by domestic and international visitors in a Norwegian alpine national park region as a function of psychographic factors as well as traditional measures of trip and demographic characteristics. In the regression models, factor scores were utilized from nature orientation, recreation experience preference (REP), a new ecological paradigm (NEP) and wilderness preference (WPS) scales. Higher scores on a NEP environmentalism factor were associated with higher expenditure, while higher scores on a REP risk seeking factor were associated with lower expenditure. Higher scores on a risk seeking, or challenge factor, from the nature orientation scale was associated with lower expenditure, while higher scores on an inspiration seeking factor were associated with higher expenditure. Structural equation models were then estimated for comparison. The implications for tourism management and marketing are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Knut Veisten & Kreg Lindberg & Berit Grue & Jan Vidar Haukeland, 2014. "The Role of Psychographic Factors in Nature-Based Tourist Expenditure," Tourism Economics, , vol. 20(2), pages 301-321, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:20:y:2014:i:2:p:301-321
    DOI: 10.5367/te.2013.0281
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    2. Christer Thrane & Eivind Farstad, 2012. "Nationality as a Segmentation Criterion in Tourism Research: The Case of International Tourists' Expenditures While on Trips in Norway," Tourism Economics, , vol. 18(1), pages 203-217, February.
    3. Peter Fredman, 2008. "Determinants of Visitor Expenditures in Mountain Tourism," Tourism Economics, , vol. 14(2), pages 297-311, June.
    4. Peter Fredman & Lars Emmelin, 2001. "Wilderness Purism, Willingness to Pay and Management Preferences: A Study of Swedish Mountain Tourists," Tourism Economics, , vol. 7(1), pages 5-20, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Robert Štefko & Jozef Džuka & Eva Litavcová & Darina Ňakatova & Martin Lačný, 2020. "Psychological Characteristics of a Tourist as Predictors of Expenditures: An Analytical Review and Proposal of the Predictive Model," Contemporary Economics, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw., vol. 14(3), September.
    2. Putu Liza Kusuma Mustika & Natalie Stoeckl & Marina Farr, 2016. "The potential implications of environmental deterioration on business and non-business visitor expenditures in a natural setting," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(3), pages 484-504, June.

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