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Wilderness Purism, Willingness to Pay and Management Preferences: A Study of Swedish Mountain Tourists

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  • Peter Fredman
  • Lars Emmelin

Abstract

This study combines visitor benefit estimates, by means of the contingent valuation method (CVM), with an application of a wilderness purism index to outdoor recreation management. Swedish summer visitors to a mountainous wilderness area in central Sweden and eastern Norway are surveyed using a mailed questionnaire. Welfare estimates are calculated, including adjustment for preference uncertainty in the willingness-to-pay answer. The expected value of the average visit to the area is estimated at 1,756 SEK, of which almost one-third is a consumer surplus. Three visitor segments are identified, based on preferences relating to wilderness management, restrictions, human impact and other users. Willingness to pay is found to differ significantly between the segments, both in absolute numbers for the trip taken and as a function of proposed management changes. It is shown that total benefits among the Swedish visitors can be increased in the magnitude of one million SEK, by means of a visitor segmentation and spatial differentiation of the management strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Fredman & Lars Emmelin, 2001. "Wilderness Purism, Willingness to Pay and Management Preferences: A Study of Swedish Mountain Tourists," Tourism Economics, , vol. 7(1), pages 5-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:7:y:2001:i:1:p:5-20
    DOI: 10.5367/000000001101297702
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    1. Cho, Seong-Hoon & Bowker, J.M. & English, Donald B.K. & Roberts, Roland K. & Kim, Taeyoung, 2014. "Effects of travel cost and participation in recreational activities on national forest visits," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 21-30.
    2. Bandara, Ranjith & Tisdell, Clement A., 2003. "Use and non-use values of wild Asian elephants: A total economic valuation approach," Economics, Ecology and Environment Working Papers 48961, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    3. Lindhjem, Henrik, 2007. "20 years of stated preference valuation of non-timber benefits from Fennoscandian forests: A meta-analysis," Journal of Forest Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 251-277, February.
    4. Knut Veisten & Kreg Lindberg & Berit Grue & Jan Vidar Haukeland, 2014. "The Role of Psychographic Factors in Nature-Based Tourist Expenditure," Tourism Economics, , vol. 20(2), pages 301-321, April.
    5. Carmelo J. León & Jorge E. Araña & Matías González & Javier de León, 2014. "Tourists' Evaluation of Climate Change Risks in the Canary Islands: A Heterogeneous Response Modelling Approach," Tourism Economics, , vol. 20(4), pages 849-868, August.
    6. Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir & C. Michael Hall, 2018. "Floating Away: The Impact of Hydroelectric Power Stations on Tourists’ Experience in Iceland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-33, July.
    7. Ellingson, Lindsey & Seidl, Andrew, 2007. "Comparative analysis of non-market valuation techniques for the Eduardo Avaroa Reserve, Bolivia," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(3), pages 517-525, January.
    8. Eugenio-Martin, Juan L., 2011. "Assessing social carrying capacity of tourism destinations with random utility models/Evaluación de la capacidad de carga social de los destinos turísticos con modelos de utilidad aleatoria," Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 29, pages 881-902, Diciembre.
    9. Falck-Zepeda, José & Kilkuwe, Enoch & Wesseler, Justus, 2008. "Introducing a genetically modified banana in Uganda: Social benefits, costs, and consumer perceptions," IFPRI discussion papers 767, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    10. León, Carmelo J. & de León, Javier & Araña, Jorge E. & González, Matías M., 2015. "Tourists' preferences for congestion, residents' welfare and the ecosystems in a national park," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 21-29.
    11. Ranjith Bandara, 2004. "Economic Value of Conservation: The Case of the Asian Elephant," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 5(2), pages 283-300, September.
    12. Giuseppe Barbiero & Rita Berto & Giulio Senes & Natalia Fumagalli, 2023. "Wilderness Is the Prototype of Nature Regardless of the Individual’s Connection to Nature. An Empirical Verification of the Solastalgia Effect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(14), pages 1-15, July.

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