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Depression and anxiety among multiethnic middle school students: Age, gender, and sociocultural environment

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  • Janis H Jenkins
  • Giselle Sanchez
  • Eric A Miller
  • Nadia Irina Santillanes Allande
  • Grace Urano
  • Alexandra J Pryor

Abstract

Background: Depression and anxiety-related disorders are common among adolescents. Research attention to early adolescence and low-income ethnically diverse populations is limited. Aim: To conduct screening for depression and anxiety at an early age with attention to gender and socioenvironmental context within a low-income setting. Method: Mixed methods included the PHQ-9A and GAD-10 screening instruments and ethnographic interviews. Results: 75 ethnically diverse middle school students were included. Mean years age was 11.2 (0.74). Females had higher PHQ-9A sum scores than males ( p  = .002, Mann-Whitney test) and higher GAD-10 sum scores than males ( p  = .016, Mann-Whitney test). After controlling for multiple comparisons, girls had higher mean responses on three PHQ-9A items ( p  

Suggested Citation

  • Janis H Jenkins & Giselle Sanchez & Eric A Miller & Nadia Irina Santillanes Allande & Grace Urano & Alexandra J Pryor, 2023. "Depression and anxiety among multiethnic middle school students: Age, gender, and sociocultural environment," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(3), pages 784-794, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:69:y:2023:i:3:p:784-794
    DOI: 10.1177/00207640221140282
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Julio Torales & Marcelo O’Higgins & João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia & Antonio Ventriglio, 2020. "The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 66(4), pages 317-320, June.
    2. Mogesie Necho & Mekonnen Tsehay & Mengesha Birkie & Gebyaw Biset & Erkihun Tadesse, 2021. "Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and psychological distress among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 67(7), pages 892-906, November.
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