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Antecedents and Consequences of Misinformation Sharing Behavior among Adults on Social Media during COVID-19

Author

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  • Ammara Malik
  • Faiza Bashir
  • Khalid Mahmood

Abstract

Misinformation has been existed for centuries, though emerge as a severe concern in the age of social media, and particularly during COVID-19 global pandemic. As the pandemic approached, a massive influx of mixed quality data appeared on social media, which had adverse effects on society. This study highlights the possible factors contributing to the sharing and spreading misinformation through social media during the crisis. Preferred Reporting Items and Meta-Analysis guidelines were used for systematic review. Anxiety or risk perception associated with COVID-19 was one of the significant motivators for misinformation sharing, followed by entertainment, information seeking, sociability, social tie strength, self-promotion, trust in science, self-efficacy, and altruism. WhatsApp and Facebook were the most used platforms for spreading rumors and misinformation. The results indicated five significant factors associated with COVID-19 misinformation sharing on social media, including socio-demographic characteristics, financial considerations, political affiliation or interest, conspiracy ideation, and religious factors. Misinformation sharing could have profound consequences for individual and society and impeding the efforts of government and health institutions to manage the crisis. This SLR focuses solely on quantitative studies, hence, studies are overlooked from a qualitative standpoint. Furthermore, this study only looked at the predictors of misinformation sharing behavior during COVID-19. It did not look into the factors that could curb the sharing of misinformation on social media platforms as a whole. The study’s findings will help the public, in general, to be cautious about sharing misinformation, and the health care workers, and institutions, in particular, for devising strategies and measures to reduce the flow of misinformation by releasing credible information through concerned official social media accounts. The findings will be valuable for health professionals and government agencies to devise strategies for handling misinformation during public health emergencies.

Suggested Citation

  • Ammara Malik & Faiza Bashir & Khalid Mahmood, 2023. "Antecedents and Consequences of Misinformation Sharing Behavior among Adults on Social Media during COVID-19," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440221, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:13:y:2023:i:1:p:21582440221147022
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440221147022
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Samuli Laato & A. K. M. Najmul Islam & Muhammad Nazrul Islam & Eoin Whelan, 2020. "What drives unverified information sharing and cyberchondria during the COVID-19 pandemic?," European Journal of Information Systems, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(3), pages 288-305, May.
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    4. Adekoya, Oluwasegun B. & Oliyide, Johnson A. & Oduyemi, Gabriel O., 2021. "How COVID-19 upturns the hedging potentials of gold against oil and stock markets risks: Nonlinear evidences through threshold regression and markov-regime switching models," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    5. Santosh Vijaykumar & Yan Jin & Daniel Rogerson & Xuerong Lu & Swati Sharma & Anna Maughan & Bianca Fadel & Mariella Silva Oliveira Costa & Claudia Pagliari & Daniel Morris, 2021. "How shades of truth and age affect responses to COVID-19 (Mis)information: randomized survey experiment among WhatsApp users in UK and Brazil," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiao Gu & Bojan Obrenovic & Wei Fu, 2023. "Empirical Study on Social Media Exposure and Fear as Drivers of Anxiety and Depression during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Minjung Park & Sangmi Chai, 2024. "What Makes Fake News Appeal to You? Empirical Evidence from the Tweets Related to COVID-19 Vaccines," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(3), pages 21582440241, July.

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