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Are Wealthy Countries Always Healthy? Health Outcomes and Public Health Spending Nexus in Nigeria

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  • Anthony Orji
  • Jonathan E. Ogbuabor
  • Peter N. Mba
  • Onyinye I. Anthony-Orji

Abstract

Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the eight most populous nation in the world. She is currently the largest economy in Africa. Nigeria is considered to be relatively wealthy in terms of oil reserves; however, the level of poverty is still very high because of corruption and mismanagement. This study investigates the impact of public health expenditure on health outcomes in Nigeria, 1985–2019. Empirical results from the Classical Regression Analysis reveal that health expenditure by the government reduces under-5 mortality rate significantly and improves life expectancy. Furthermore, immunization against measles was found to reduce under-5 mortality rate, while prevalence of HIV reduces life expectancy. The study therefore recommends that there is need for government expenditure on health to be targeted at areas that will improve health outcomes significantly. With adequate funding and proper monitoring, a resource-abundant nation like Nigeria, can become healthier. However, if this is not done, the wealthy may not be healthy after all.

Suggested Citation

  • Anthony Orji & Jonathan E. Ogbuabor & Peter N. Mba & Onyinye I. Anthony-Orji, 2021. "Are Wealthy Countries Always Healthy? Health Outcomes and Public Health Spending Nexus in Nigeria," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:11:y:2021:i:3:p:21582440211040793
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440211040793
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matthew Oluwatoyin A. & Adegboye Folasade B. & Fasina Fagbeminiyi F., 2015. "Public Health Expenditure and Health Outcomes in Nigeria," International Journal of Financial Economics, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 4(1), pages 45-56.
    2. Nwanosike Dominic U. & Anthony Orji & Joan C. Okafor & Sam Umesiobi, 2015. "Progressive Health Spending and Health Outcomes in Nigeria: The Case of Malaria," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 5(12), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Filmer, Deon & Pritchett, Lant, 1999. "The impact of public spending on health: does money matter?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 49(10), pages 1309-1323, November.
    4. Grossman, Michael, 1972. "On the Concept of Health Capital and the Demand for Health," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 80(2), pages 223-255, March-Apr.
    5. Deluna, Roperto Jr & Peralta, Tiffany Faith, 2014. "Public Health Expenditures, Income and Health Outcomes in the Philippines," MPRA Paper 60115, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Monica Violeta Achim & Viorela Ligia Văidean & Sorin Nicolae Borlea, 2020. "Corruption and health outcomes within an economic and cultural framework," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 21(2), pages 195-207, March.
    7. John Anyanwu & Andrew E. O. Erhijakpor, 2007. "Working Paper 91 - Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes in Africa," Working Paper Series 226, African Development Bank.
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    1. Taiwo A. Olaiya, 2022. "Shifting the Goalposts: Postcolonial Africa and the West in the Global “Two Publics†of the Development Paradigm," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.

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