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Too Big to Fail and Too Big to Save: Dilemmas for Banking Reform

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  • James R. Barth
  • Clas Wihlborg

Abstract

‘Too big to fail’ traditionally refers to a bank that is perceived to generate unacceptable risk to the banking system and indirectly to the economy as a whole if it were to default and be unable to fulfill its obligations. Such a bank generally has substantial liabilities to other banks through the payment system and other financial links, which can be sources of ‘contagion’ if a bank fails. The main objectives in this paper are to identify the different dimensions of too big to fail and evaluate various proposed reforms for dealing with this problem. In addition, we document the various dimensions of size and complexity, which may contribute to or reduce a bank's systemic risk. Furthermore, we provide an assessment of economic and political factors shaping the future of too big to fail.

Suggested Citation

  • James R. Barth & Clas Wihlborg, 2016. "Too Big to Fail and Too Big to Save: Dilemmas for Banking Reform," National Institute Economic Review, National Institute of Economic and Social Research, vol. 235(1), pages 27-39, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:niesru:v:235:y:2016:i:1:p:r27-r39
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    Cited by:

    1. Clemente, Gian Paolo & Cornaro, Alessandra, 2022. "A multilayer approach for systemic risk in the insurance sector," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    2. Jan Koleśnik & Anna Dąbkowska, 2021. "Methods for alleviating the problem of Too big to fail in Germany," Journal of Banking Regulation, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(1), pages 11-23, March.
    3. Constantin Anghelache & Bodo Gyorgy, 2016. "Theoretical aspects regarding systemic risk and managerial decisions during the crisis," Romanian Statistical Review Supplement, Romanian Statistical Review, vol. 64(12), pages 110-116, December.
    4. Cutura, Jannic Alexander, 2021. "Debt holder monitoring and implicit guarantees: Did the BRRD improve market discipline?," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    5. Bakkar, Yassine & Nyola, Annick Pamen, 2021. "Internationalization, foreign complexity and systemic risk: Evidence from European banks," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    6. Schürk, Daniel, 2019. "Does Subordinated Debt Discipline Banks? Empirical Evidence of Market Discipline in Europe," Junior Management Science (JUMS), Junior Management Science e. V., vol. 4(2), pages 228-240.
    7. Nyola, Annick Pamen & Sauviat, Alain & Tarazi, Amine & Danisman, Gamze Ozturk, 2021. "How organizational and geographic complexity influence performance: Evidence from European banks," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    8. Silva, Walmir & Kimura, Herbert & Sobreiro, Vinicius Amorim, 2017. "An analysis of the literature on systemic financial risk: A survey," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 91-114.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    financial crises; too big to fail; systemically important banks; Dodd-Frank Act; Financial Stability Board; regulation and supervision;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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